Copsychus

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Cladus: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Cladus: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Classis/Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Subclassis/Parvclassis: Neornithes
Infraclassis/Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Muscicapoidea

Familia: Muscicapidae
Genus: Copsychus
Species: C. albiventris – C. albospecularis – C. barbouri – C. cebuensis – C. fulicatus –C. leggei – C. luzoniensis – C. malabaricus – C. mindanensis – C. niger –C. nigricauda – C. omissus – C. pyrropygus – C. saularis – C. sechellarum – C. stricklandii – C. superciliaris

Name

Copsychus Wagler, 1827

Typus: Gracula saularis Linnaeus, 1758 = Copsychus saularis

Synonymy

Saxicoloides Lesson, 1832
Kittacincla Gould, 1836
Trichixos Lesson, 1839

References
Primary references

Wagler, J.G. 1827. Systema Avium. Sttutgart & Tubingen: J. G. Cottae. 1–379 Unnumbered pages DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.137031 BHL Reference page. p. 306

Additional references

Lim, H.C., Zou, F.S., Taylor, S.S., Marks, B.D., Moyle, R.G., Voelker, G., & Sheldon, F.H. 2010. Phylogeny of magpie-robins and shamas (Aves: Turdidae: Copsychus and Trichixos): implications for island biogeography in Southeast Asia. Journal of Biogeography 37 (10): 1894-1906 PDF. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02343.x PaywallReference page.
Wu M.Y., Lau, C.J., Ng, E.Y.X., Baveja, P., Gwee, C.Y., Sadanandan, K.R., Ferasyi, T.R., Haminuddin, Ramadhan, R., Menner, J.K. & Rheindt, F.E. 2022. Genomes from Historic DNA Unveil Massive Hidden Extinction and Terminal Endangerment in a Tropical Asian Songbird Radiation. Molecular Biology and Evolution 39(9): msac189. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac189 Open access Reference page.

Copsychus albiventris

The magpie-robins or shamas (from shama, Bengali and Hindi for C. malabaricus)[2] are medium-sized insectivorous birds (some also eat berries and other fruit) in the genus Copsychus. They were formerly in the thrush family Turdidae, but are now treated as part of the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. They are garden- and forest-dwelling species found in Africa and Asia.

The genus Copsychus was introduced by the German naturalist Johann Georg Wagler in 1827.[3] The type species was subsequently designated as the oriental magpie-robin (Copsychus saularis) by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840.[4][5] The name Copsychus is from the Ancient Greek kopsukhos or kopsikhos, meaning "blackbird".[6]

The genus contains 17 species:[7]

Image	Scientific name	Common name	Distribution
	Copsychus saularis	Oriental magpie-robin	Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, eastern Pakistan, eastern Indonesia, Thailand, southern China, Malaysia and Singapore
	Copsychus sechellarum	Seychelles magpie-robin	the Seychelles
	Copsychus mindanensis	Philippine magpie-robin	the Philippines
	Copsychus albospecularis	Madagascar magpie-robin	Madagascar
	Copsychus pyrropygus	Rufous-tailed shama	southern Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo
	Copsychus fulicatus	Indian robin	Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka
	Copsychus luzoniensis	White-browed shama	the Philippines
	Copsychus superciliaris	Visayan shama	Visayan Islands in the Philippines
	Copsychus niger	White-vented shama	Palawan, Balabac and Calamian in the Philippines
	Copsychus cebuensis	Black shama	Cebu in the Philippines
	Copsychus albiventris	Andaman shama	the Andaman Islands
	Copsychus omissus (split from C. malabaricus)	Larwo shama	Java
	Copsychus stricklandii	White-crowned shama	north Borneo and Banggi
	Copsychus barbouri (split from C. stricklandii)	Maratua shama	Maratua (extinct in the wild)
	Copsychus nigricauda (split from C. malabaricus)	Kangean shama	Kangean Islands (probably extinct in the wild)
	Copsychus leggei (split from C. malabaricus)	Sri Lanka shama	Sri Lanka
	Copsychus malabaricus	White-rumped shama	India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia, Java, Borneo

The Seychelles magpie-robin is one of the most endangered birds in the world, with a population of less than 250, although this is a notable increase from just 16 in 1970.
References

"Muscicapidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
Jobling, James A. (1991). A Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Oxford University Press. p. 216. ISBN 0-19-854634-3.
Wagler, Johann Georg (1827). Systema avium (in Latin). Stuttgart: J.G. Cottae. p. 306 (Gracula).
Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 21.
Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds. (1964). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. pp. 64–65.
Jobling, J.A. (2018). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). "Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Chats, Old World flycatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 11 November 2024.The magpie-robins or shamas (from shama, Bengali and Hindi for C. malabaricus)[2] are medium-sized insectivorous birds (some also eat berries and other fruit) in the genus Copsychus. They were formerly in the thrush family Turdidae, but are now treated as part of the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. They are garden- and forest-dwelling species found in Africa and Asia.

The genus Copsychus was introduced by the German naturalist Johann Georg Wagler in 1827.[3] The type species was subsequently designated as the oriental magpie-robin (Copsychus saularis) by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840.[4][5] The name Copsychus is from the Ancient Greek kopsukhos or kopsikhos, meaning "blackbird".[6]

The genus contains 17 species:[7]
Image Scientific name Common name Distribution
Copsychus saularis Oriental magpie-robin Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, eastern Pakistan, eastern Indonesia, Thailand, southern China, Malaysia and Singapore
Copsychus sechellarum Seychelles magpie-robin the Seychelles
Copsychus mindanensis Philippine magpie-robin the Philippines
Copsychus albospecularis Madagascar magpie-robin Madagascar
Copsychus pyrropygus Rufous-tailed shama southern Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo
Copsychus fulicatus Indian robin Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka
Copsychus luzoniensis White-browed shama the Philippines
Copsychus superciliaris Visayan shama Visayan Islands in the Philippines
Copsychus niger White-vented shama Palawan, Balabac and Calamian in the Philippines
Copsychus cebuensis Black shama Cebu in the Philippines
Copsychus albiventris Andaman shama the Andaman Islands
Copsychus omissus (split from C. malabaricus) Larwo shama Java
Copsychus stricklandii White-crowned shama north Borneo and Banggi
Copsychus barbouri (split from C. stricklandii) Maratua shama Maratua (extinct in the wild)
Copsychus nigricauda (split from C. malabaricus) Kangean shama Kangean Islands (probably extinct in the wild)
Copsychus leggei (split from C. malabaricus) Sri Lanka shama Sri Lanka
Copsychus malabaricus White-rumped shama India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia, Java, Borneo

The Seychelles magpie-robin is one of the most endangered birds in the world, with a population of less than 250, although this is a notable increase from just 16 in 1970.
References

"Muscicapidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
Jobling, James A. (1991). A Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Oxford University Press. p. 216. ISBN 0-19-854634-3.
Wagler, Johann Georg (1827). Systema avium (in Latin). Stuttgart: J.G. Cottae. p. 306 (Gracula).
Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 21.
Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds. (1964). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. pp. 64–65.
Jobling, J.A. (2018). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). "Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Chats, Old World flycatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 11 November 2024.