Raorchestes akroparallagi
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Supergroup: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Classis: Amphibia
Subclassis: Lissamphibia
Ordo: Anura
Familia: Rhacophoridae
Subfamilia: Rhacophorinae
Genus: Raorchestes
Species: Raorchestes akroparallagi
Name
Raorchestes akroparallagi (Biju & Bossuyt, 2009)
Type locality: "Ponmudi, Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala, India".
Holotype: BNHS 4387.
Synonyms
Philautus akroparallagi Biju and Bossuyt, 2009
Pseudophilautus akroparallagi — Li, Che, Murphy, Zhao, Zhao, Rao, and Zhang, 2009
Raorchestes akroparallagi — Biju, Shouche, Dubois, Dutta, and Bossuyt, 2010
References
Biju, S.D. & F. Bossuyt. 2009: Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155: 374–444. Abstract
Li, J.-t., J. Che, R. W. Murphy, H. Zhao, E.-m. Zhao, D.-q. Rao & Y.-p. Zhang. 2009: New insights to the molecular phylogenetics and generic assessment in the Rhacophoridae (Amphibia: Anura) based on five nuclear and three mitochondrial genes, with comments on the evolution of reproduction. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 53: 509–522.
Biju S.D., Shouche Y., Dubois A., Dutta S.K. & Bossuyt F. 2010: A ground-dwelling rhacophorid frog from the highest mountain peak of the Western Ghats of India. Current Science, 98: 1119–1125. Full article
Raorchestes akroparallagi (sometimes known as the variable bush frog) is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae.
It is endemic to the Western Ghats, India, where it is known from the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Before its description in 2009, it was confused with Raorchestes femoralis and Raorchestes glandulosus.[3]
Description
Raorchestes akroparallagi from Wynaad
Male Raorchestes akroparallagi are small, 19–22.5 mm (0.75–0.89 in) in snout-vent length, whereas females are larger, 26–27 mm (1.0–1.1 in) long. It is one of predominantly green Raorchestes. However, the colouration of its dorsum (back) is highly variable even within a single location, from almost uniformly green to various colours and markings. Indeed, its specific name, akroparallagi, is derived from Greek words akro, meaning 'extreme' and parallagi, meaning 'variation'.[2]
Reproduction
Raorchestes akroparallagi has direct development, with all growth inside the egg and no free-swimming tadpole stage. Males attract females with their calls. Mating takes place during the night. A pair in amplexus may move around before settling on a leaf and starting to lay eggs on its upper side. Egg laying takes hours and results in a clutch of 20–41 eggs. Eggs are white, about 4.4 mm (0.17 in) in diameter, and hatch after four weeks as fully developed froglets. There is no parental care.[4]
Habitat
Raorchestes akroparallagi is relatively widespread and occurs in a wide range of habitats and can live in disturbed habitats. It is found in evergreen forests to plantations near forest fringes and in roadside vegetation.[1][2] IUCN does not considered it threatened.[1]
References
IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2012). "Raorchestes akroparallagi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T186158A1810433. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T186158A1810433.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
Biju, S. D.; Bossuyt, F. (2009). "Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 155 (2): 374–444. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x.
Frost, Darrel R. (2013). "Raorchestes akroparallagi (Biju and Bossuyt, 2009)". Amphibian Species of the World 5.6, an Online Reference. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
Biju, S. D. (2003). "Reproductive mode in the shrub frog Philautus glandulosus (Jerdon, 1853) (Anura: Rhacophoridae)" (PDF). Current Science. 84 (3): 283–284. (N.b. This article predates the description of Raorchestes akroparallagi, and at that point the species was confused with Raorchestes glandulosus — see Biju & Bossuyt, 2009, p. 392.)
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