Boophis

Cladus: Eukaryota
Supergroup: Opisthokonta
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Classis: Amphibia
Subclassis: Lissamphibia
Ordo: Anura
Subordo: Neobatrachia
Familia: Mantellidae
Subfamilia: Boophinae
Genus: Boophis
Species: B. albilabris - B. albipunctatus - B. andohahela - B. andreonei - B. anjanaharibeensis - B. ankaratra - B. arcanus - B. axelmeyeri - B. baetkei - B. blommersae - B. boehmei - B. bottae - B. brachychir - B. burgeri - B. calcaratus - B. doulioti - B. elenae - B. englaenderi - B. entingae - B. erythrodactylus - B. feonnyala - B. goudotii - B. guibei - B. haematopus - B. haingana - B. hillenii - B. idae - B. jaegeri - B. laurenti - B. liami - B. lichenoides - B. lilianae - B. luciae - B. luteus - B. madagascariensis - B. majori - B. mandraka - B. marojezensis - B. miadana - B. microtympanum - B. miniatus - B. occidentalis - B. opisthodon - B. pauliani - B. periegetes - B. picturatus - B. piperatus - B. praedictus - B. pyrrhus - B. quasiboehmei - B. rappiodes - B. reticulatus - B. rhodoscelis - B. roseipalmatus - B. rufioculis - B. sambirano - B. sandrae - B. schuboeae - B. septentionalis - B. sibilans - B. solomaso - B. spinophis - B. tampoka - B. tasymena - B. tephraeomystax - B. tsilomaro - B. ulftunni - B. viridis - B. vittatus - B. williamsi - B. xerophilus

Name

Boophis Tschudi, 1838

Type species: Boophis goudotii Tschudi, 1838

Synonyms

* Boophis Tschudi, 1838
* Buccinator Gistel, 1848
* Sahona Glaw & Vences, 2006
* Boophis — Glaw & Vences, 2006

References

* Glaw, F.; Köhler, J.; de la Riva, I.; Vieites, D.R.; Vences, M. 2010: Integrative taxonomy of Malagasy treefrogs: combination of molecular genetics, bioacoustics and comparative morphology reveals twelve additional species of Boophis. Zootaxa, 2383: 1–82. Preview
* Tahiry, H.R. et al. 2010: Description of ten tadpoles in the genus Boophis from Madagascar. Zootaxa, 2694: 1-25. Preview
* Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 36, 76.
* Vences, M. et al. 2010: Molecular and bioacoustic differentiation of Boophis occidentalis with description of a new treefrog from north-western Madagascar. Zootaxa, 2544: 54–68. Preview PDF
* Glaw and Vences, 2006, Organisms Divers. Evol., 6: 242
* Amphibian Species of the World 5.1 Boophis access date 06 June 2008
* Rosa (in press): Zootaxa,
* Vences, M. ; J. Köhler ; A. Crottini & F. Glaw, 2010: High mitochondrial sequence divergence meets morphological bioacoustic conservatism: Boophis quasiboehmei sp. n., a new treefrog species from south-eastern Madagascar. Bonn Zoological Bulletin 57 (2): 241-255. Full article: [1].
* Vences (in press): Zootaxa,

Vernacular names
English: Bright-eyed Frogs

Boophis is the only genus in the mantellid frog subfamily Boophinae. They are commonly known as bright-eyed or skeleton frogs. They show typical 'tree frog' traits, and are a good example of convergent evolution with morphologically similar species in the families Hylidae and Rhacophoridae, among others. This genus can only be found on Madagascar and Mayotte Island (Comoros).[1]

Taxonomy

The genus Boophis was described by Johann Jakob von Tschudi in 1838.[2] It was originally considered a member of the African-Asian family Rhacophoridae, but was moved to the family Mantellidae in 2001,[3] into its own subfamily, Boophinae Vences & Glaw, 2001.
Morphology

Boophis are arboreal frogs, exhibiting many traits that define 'tree frogs', such as expanded toe discs, long hindlimbs, and large eyes.[1] Boophis are especially characterised by bright colouration of the iris, which is typically intricately patterned towards its inside, and often green or blue, but occasionally also red, purple, or yellow in the outer iris area.[1] This has led to the vernacular name of bright-eyed frogs for the genus. Many species of Boophis have almost translucent skin, allowing bones and internal organs to be observed as in the unrelated glass frogs (Centrolenidae) of the tropical Americas.[4] This has led to the vernacular name skeleton frogs for some members of the genus.

Species

The genus has presently nearly 80 species; new ones are being described every few months on average. This list may not be exhaustive.

Boophis occidentalis tadpole

Boophis albilabris (Boulenger, 1888)
Boophis albipunctatus Glaw & Thiesmeier, 1993
Boophis andohahela Andreone, Nincheri & Piazza, 1995
Boophis andrangoloaka (Ahl, 1928)
Boophis andreonei Glaw & Vences, 1994
Boophis anjanaharibeensis Andreone, 1996
Boophis ankarafensis Penny, Andreone, Crottini, Holderied, Rakotozafy, Schwitzer & Rosa, 2014
Boophis ankaratra Andreone, 1993
Boophis arcanus Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis axelmeyeri Vences, Andreone & Veities, 2005
Boophis baetkei Köhler, Glaw & Vences, 2008
Boophis blommersae Glaw & Vences, 1994
Boophis boehmei Glaw & Vences, 1992
Boophis boppa Hutter & Lambert, 2015
Boophis bottae Vences & Glaw, 2002
Boophis brachychir Boettger, 1882
Boophis burgeri Glaw & Vences, 1994
Boophis calcaratus Vallan, Vences & Glaw, 2010
Boophis doulioti Angel, 1934
Boophis elenae Andreone, 1993
Boophis englaenderi Glaw & Vences, 1994
Boophis entingae Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis erythrodactylus (Guibé, 1953)
Boophis fayi Köhler, Glaw, Rosa, Gehring, Pabijan, Andreone & Vences, 2011
Boophis feonnyala Glaw, Vences, Andreone & Vallan, 2001
Boophis goudotii Tschudi, 1838
Boophis guibei (McCarthy, 1978)
Boophis haematopus Glaw, Vences, Andreone & Vallan, 2001
Boophis haingana Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis idae (Steindachner, 1867)
Boophis jaegeri Glaw & Vences, 1992 – Green Skeleton Frog
Boophis laurenti Guibé, 1947
Boophis liami Vallan, Vences & Glaw, 2003
Boophis lichenoides Vallan, Glaw, Andreone & Cadle, 1998
Boophis lilianae Köhler, Glaw & Vences, 2008
Boophis luciae Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis luteus (Boulenger, 1882)
Boophis madagascariensis (Peters, 1874)
Boophis majori (Boulenger, 1896)
Boophis mandraka Blommers-Schlösser, 1979
Boophis marojezensis Glaw & Vences, 1994
Boophis masoala Glaw, Scherz, Prötzel & Vences, 2018
Boophis miadana Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis microtympanum (Boettger, 1881)
Boophis miniatus (Mocquard, 1902)
Boophis narinsi Vences, Gehara, Köhler & Glaw, 2012
Boophis nauticus Glaw, Hawlitschek, Glaw, and Vences, 2019
Boophis obscurus (Boettger, 1913)
Boophis occidentalis Glaw & Vences, 1994
Boophis opisthodon (Boulenger, 1888)
Boophis pauliani (Guibé, 1953)
Boophis periegetes Cadle, 1995
Boophis picturatus Glaw, Vences, Andreone & Vallan, 2001
Boophis piperatus Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis popi Köhler, Glaw, Rosa, Gehring, Pabijan, Andreone & Vences, 2011
Boophis praedictus Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis pyrrhus Glaw, Vences, Andreone & Vallan, 2001
Boophis quasiboehmei Vences, Köhler, Crottini & Glaw, 2010
Boophis rappiodes (Ahl, 1928)
Boophis reticulatus Blommers-Schlösser, 1979
Boophis rhodoscelis (Boulenger, 1882)
Boophis roseipalmatus Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis rufioculis Glaw & Vences, 1997
Boophis sambirano Vences & Glaw, 2005
Boophis sandrae Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis schuboeae Glaw & Vences, 2002
Boophis septentrionalis Glaw & Vences, 1994
Boophis sibilans Glaw & Thiesmeier, 1993
Boophis solomaso Vallan, Vences & Glaw, 2003
Boophis spinophis Glaw, Köhler, de la Riva, Vieites & Vences, 2010
Boophis tampoka Köhler, Glaw & Vences, 2007
Boophis tasymena Vences & Glaw, 2002
Boophis tephraeomystax (Duméril, 1853)
Boophis tsilomaro Vences, Andreone, Glos & Glaw, 2010
Boophis ulftunni Wollenberg, Andreone, Glaw & Vences, 2008
Boophis viridis Blommers-Schlösser, 1979
Boophis vittatus Glaw, Vences, Andreone & Vallan, 2001
Boophis williamsi (Guibé, 1974)
Boophis xerophilus Glaw & Vences, 1997

References

Glaw, Frank; Vences, Miguel (2007). A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar (3rd ed.). Cologne, Germany: Vences & Glaw Verlags. ISBN 978-3929449037.
Tschudi, J. J. v. (1838). Classification der Batrachier mit Berücksichtigung der fossilen Thiere dieser Abtheilung der Reptilien. Neuchâtel: Petitpierre.
Vences, Miguel; Glaw, Frank (2001). "When molecules claim for taxonomic changes: New proposals on the classification of Old World treefrogs". Spixiana. 24 (1): 85–92.
Hutter, Carl; Lambert, Shea M.; Andriampenomanana, Zo F.; Glaw, Frank; Vences, Miguel (2018-10-01). "Molecular phylogeny and diversification of Malagasy bright-eyed tree frogs (Mantellidae: Boophis)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 568–578. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.05.027. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 29894731.