uperregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Superclassis: Multicrustacea
Classis: Malacostraca
Subclassis: Eumalacostraca
Superordo: Eucarida
Ordo: Decapoda
Subordo: Pleocyemata
Infraordo: Caridea
Superfamilia: Atyoidea
Familia: Atyidae
Subfamilia: Paratyinae
Genus: Troglocaris
Subgenera: T. (Troglocaris) – T. (Xiphinocaridinella)
Overview of species
T. kumistavi –
Name
Troglocaris Dormitzer, 1853
References
Jugovic, J.; Prevorčnik, S.; Sket, B. 2010: Development of sexual characters in the cave shrimp genus Troglocaris (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) and their applicability in taxonomy. Zootaxa 2488: 1–21. Preview Reference page.
Jugovic, J. et al. 2012: Cave shrimps Troglocaris s. str. (Dormitzer, 1853), taxonomic revision and description of new taxa after phylogenetic and morphometric studies. Zootaxa 3421: 1–31. Preview PDF Reference page.
Marin, I.N. 2017. Troglocaris (Xiphocaridinella) kumistavi sp. nov., a new species of stygobiotic atyid shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from Kumistavi Cave, Imereti, Western Georgia, Caucasus. Zootaxa 4311(4): 576–588. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4311.4.9. Reference page.
Marin, I.N. 2018. Cryptic diversity of stygobiotic shrimp genus Xiphocaridinella Sadowsky, 1930 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae): the first case of species co-occurrence in the same cave system in the Western Caucasus. Zootaxa 4441(2): 201–224. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4441.2.1 Paywall Reference page.
Marin, I.; Sokolova, A. 2014: Redescription of the stygobitic shrimp Troglocaris (Xiphocaridinella) jusbaschjani Birštein, 1948 (Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae) from Agura River, Sochi, Russia, with remarks on other representatives of the genus from Caucasus. Zootaxa 3754(3): 277–298. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3754.3.3 Reference page.
Troglocaris is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae.[1] These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus).[2] Although locally very common,[3] the small ranges of the individual species make them highly vulnerable to habitat loss, for example by water extraction.[4] Their underground habitat is often extremely stable; for example, the Vipavska jama cave in Slovenia is home to a population of T. anophthalmus, and its water only varies from 10 °C (50 °F) in the winter to 11 °C (52 °F) in the summer.[4] In some Dinaric caves, notably Vjetrenica, as many as three species may occur together.[3]
These shrimp sometimes fall prey to olm salamanders, but are able to survive injuries if the attack fails.[4] The Dinaric Troglocaris are the main host of several species of parasitic or epizoic flatworms of the family Scutariellidae (order Temnocephalida).[3]
Species
Troglocaris currently contains 15 described species, but there are also a number of undescribed species.[2][5] Gallocaris inermis, a stygobitic shrimp from southern France, was formerly included in Troglocaris.[2]
Subgenus Troglocaris
Troglocaris anophthalmus (Kollar, 1848)
Troglocaris bosnica Sket & Zakšek, 2009
Troglocaris planinensis Birštejn, 1948
Subgenus Xiphocaridinella
Troglocaris ablaskiri Birštejn, 1939
Troglocaris birsteini Mugue, Zueva & Ershov, 2001
Troglocaris fagei Birštejn, 1939
Troglocaris jusbaschjani Birštejn, 1948
Troglocaris kutaissiana (Sadovskij, 1930)
Troglocaris osterloffi Juzbaš'jan, 1940
Troglocaris otapi Marin, 2018
Subgenus Troglocaridella
Troglocaris hercegovinensis (Babić, 1922)
Subgenus Spelaeocaris
Troglocaris kapellana Sket & Zakšek, 2009
Troglocaris neglecta Sket & Zakšek, 2009
Troglocaris prasence Sket & Zakšek, 2009
Troglocaris pretneri (Matjašič, 1956)
See also
Typhlatya – the only other atyid shrimp from subterranean habitats in Europe
Typhlocaris – the only non-atyid shrimp from subterranean habitats in Europe
References
Sammy De Grave; N. Dean Pentcheff; Shane T. Ahyong; et al. (2009). "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Suppl. 21: 1–109.
Boris Sket & Valerija Zakšek (2009). "European cave shrimp species (Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae), redefined after a phylogenetic study; redefinition of some taxa, a new genus and four new Troglocaris species". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 155 (4): 786–818. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00473.x.
White, W.B.; D.C. Culver, eds. (2012). Encyclopedia of Caves (2 ed.). p. 234. ISBN 978-0-12-383832-2.
Jugovic E.; J.E. Praprotnik; V. Buzan; M. Lužnik (2015). "Estimating population size of the cave shrimp Troglocaris anophthalmus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) using mark–release–recapture data". Animal Biodiversity and Conservation. 38 (1): 77–86.
Ivan Marin (2018). "Cryptic Diversity of Stygobiotic Shrimp Genus Xiphocaridinella Sadowsky, 1930 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae): The First Case of Species Co-occurrence in the Same Cave System in the Western Caucasus". Zootaxa. 4441 (2): 201–224. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4441.2.1. PMID 30314006.
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