Nymphon

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Classis: Pycnogonida
Ordo: Pantopoda
Subordo: Eupantopodida
Superfamilia: Nymphonoidea

Familia: Nymphonidae
Genus: Nymphon
Species: N. aculeatum - N. adami - N. adareanum - N. adenense - N. adenopus - N. aemulum - N. aequidigitatum - N. affine - N. akanei - N. akanthochoeros - N. albatrossi - N. aldabraense - N. altioculatum - N. andamanense - N. andriashevi - N. angolense - N. apheles - N. apicatum - N. arabicum - N. arcuatum - N. aritai - N. articulare - N. australe - N. banzare - N. barnardi - N. basispinosum - N. benthos - N. bergi - N. biarticulatum - N. bicornum - N. biformidens - N. bigibbulare - N. bipunctatum - N. biserratum - N. boraborae - N. bouvieri - N. brachyrhynchum - N. braschnikowi - N. brevicaudatum - N. brevirostre - N. brevis - N. brevitarse - N. bucuspidum - N. bullatum - N. bunyipi - N. caementarum - N. caldarium - N. calypso - N. capense - N. centrum - N. chaetochir - N. chainae - N. citerium - N. clarencei - N. cognatum - N. comes - N. compactum - N. conirostrum - N. crenatiunguis - N. crosnieri - N. curvidens - N. dentiferum - N. diabolus - N. discorsicoxae - N. dissimilis - N. distensum - N. draconis - N. dubitabile - N. duospinum - N. elegans - N. elongatum - N. eltaninae - N. falcatum - N. femorale - N. filatovae - N. flindersi - N. floridanum - N. forceps - N. foresti - N. forticulum - N. foxi - N. frigidum - N. galatheae - N. gerlachi - N. giltayi - N. giraffa - N. glabrum - N. gracile - N. gracilipes - N. granulatum - N. grossipes - N. grus - N. gruveli - N. gruzovi - N. gunteri - N. hadale - N. hamatum - N. hampsoni - N. hedgpethi - N. heterodenticulatum - N. heterodentum - N. heterospinum - N. hiemale - N. hirsutum - N. hirtipes - N. hirtum - N. hodgsoni - N. immane - N. improcerum - N. inaequipes - N. inerme - N. inferum - N. infundibulum - N. inornatum - N. isaenki - N. japonicum - N. kensleyi - N. kodanii - N. kurilense - N. kurilokamchaticum - N. lanare - N. laterospinum - N. leptocheles - N. lituus - N. lobatum - N. lomani - N. longicaudatum - N. longicollum - N. longicoxa - N. longimanum - N. longispinum - N. longitarse - N. macabou - N. macilentum - N. macquariei - N. macrochelatum - N. macronyx - N. macrum - N. maculatum - N. maldivense - N. maoriana - N. maruyamai - N. mauretanicum - N. megacheles - N. megalops - N. mendosum - N. microctenatum - N. microgracilipes - N. micronesicum - N. micronyx - N. micropedes - N. microrhynchum - N. microsetosum - N. modestum - N. molleri - N. molum - N. monothrix - N. multidens - N. multituberculatum - N. nakamurai - N. natalense - N. neumayri - N. nipponense - N. novaecaledoniae - N. novaehollandiae - N. nugax - N. obesum - N. ochoticum - N. ohshimai - N. okudai - N. orcadense - N. ortmanni - N. pagophilum - N. paralobatum - N. parasiticum - N. parum - N. paucidens - N. paucituberculatum - N. pedunculatum - N. petri - N. pfefferi - N. phasmatodes - N. pilosum - N. pixellae - N. pleodon - N. preceroides - N. primacoxa - N. primordium - N. procerum - N. profundum - N. prolatum - N. proximum - N. pseudogracilis - N. puellula - N. pumillum - N. quadriclavus - N. residuum - N. rottnesti - N. rubrum - N. rybakovi - N. sabellum - N. sandersi - N. schimkewitschi - N. schmidti - N. scotiae - N. serratidentatum - N. serratum - N. setimanus - N. setipedes - N. signatum - N. simulare - N. simulatum - N. singulare - N. sluiteri - N. soyoi - N. spicatum - N. spiniventris - N. spinosissimum - N. stenocheir - N. stipulum - N. stocki - N. striatum - N. stroemi - N. subtile - N. surinamense - N. tanypalpes - N. tenellum - N. tenuipes - N. tripectinatum - N. trituberculatum - N. tuberculatum - N. tubiferum - N. typhlops - N. unguiculatum - N. uniunguiculatum - N. vacans - N. veelovi - N. villosum - N. virgosa - N. vulcanellum - N. vulsum - N. walvisense - N. zundianum

Nymphon stroemii, Kr. Male carrying egg-masses on his ovigerous legs.

References

Sirvid, P.J. et al. 2010: [Chapter] SIX Phylum ARTHROPODA CHELICERATA horseshoe crabs, arachnids, sea spiders. Pp. 50-89 in Gordon, D.P. (ed.): New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume 2. Kingdom Animalia. Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-87725793-3
2011: Zootaxa, 2798: 31–36. Preview

Nymphon is a genus of sea spiders in the family Nymphonidae.[1][2] The species of sea spiders within the genus Nymphon are all benthic organisms and are found in abyssal and bathyal areas of the ocean. This is a fully marine group and can be found at various depths ranging from the littoral zones to the deep sea. They are found in most major oceans across the globe with a strong distribution around polar regions: Arctic and Antarctic waters.[3] Out of the sea spider genus, Nymphon is the most rich, with a majority of the species within the genis being found in the Southern Ocean region.[4] This genus may also contain bioluminescent species.[5]
Distribution

Sea spiders in general are found all around the globe. The Nymphon genus has been commonly found in waters of higher latitudes and is associated with polar regions and having a more circumpolar distribution than other genus of sea spider. They are extremely abundant within polar regions, with Nymphon having the most species found in polar waters.[6] In relation to the benthos, mainly inhabit marine fauna and are often found around sessile communities.[7]
Feeding

Generally, it is thought that Nymphon feed on hydroids, actinians, bryozoans, molluscs, annelids, crustaceans, and detritus. They have strong associations with corals and algae. However, feeding behavior in relation to coral and algae has not been observed and there is no current evidence of finding coral or algae material in their gut.[8]
Species

Nymphon aculeatum Child, 1994
Nymphon adami Giltay, 1937
Nymphon adareanum Hodgson, 1907
Nymphon adenense Muller, 1989
Nymphon adenopus Stock, 1991
Nymphon aemulum Stock, 1975
Nymphon aequidigitatum Haswell, 1885
Nymphon akanei Nakamura & Child, 1983
Nymphon akanthochoeros Bamber & Thurston, 1995
Nymphon albatrossi Hedgpeth, 1949
Nymphon aldabrense Child, 1988
Nymphon andamanense Calman, 1923
Nymphon andriashevi Pushkin, 1993
Nymphon angolense Gordon, 1932
Nymphon apertum Turpaeva, 2004
Nymphon apheles Child, 1979
Nymphon apicatum Stock, 1991
Nymphon arabicum Calman, 1938
Nymphon arcuatum Child, 1995
Nymphon aritai Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon articulare Hodgson, 1908
Nymphon australe Hodgson, 1902
Nymphon banzare Gordon, 1944
Nymphon barnardi Arnaud & Child, 1988
Nymphon basispinosum Hilton, 1942
Nymphon benthos Hedgpeth, 1949
Nymphon bergi Losina-Losinsky, 1961
Nymphon biarticulatum (Hodgson, 1907)
Nymphon bicornum Arnaud & Child, 1988
Nymphon biformidens Stock, 1974
Nymphon bigibbulare Losina-Losinsky, 1961
Nymphon biserratum Losina-Losinsky, 1961
Nymphon boogoora Bamber, 2008
Nymphon boraborae Muller, 1990
Nymphon bouvieri Gordon, 1932
Nymphon brachyrhynchum Hoek, 1881
Nymphon braschnikowi Schimkewitsch, 1906
Nymphon brevicaudatum Miers, 1875
Nymphon brevirostre Hodge, 1863
Nymphon brevis Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon brevitarse Krøyer, 1838
Nymphon bucuspidum Child, 1995
Nymphon bullatum Stock, 1992
Nymphon bunyipi Clark, 1963
Nymphon caementarum Stock, 1975
Nymphon caldarium Stock, 1987
Nymphon calypso Fage, 1959
Nymphon centrum Child, 1997
Nymphon chaetochir Utinomi, 1971
Nymphon chainae Child, 1982
Nymphon charcoti Bouvier, 1911
Nymphon citerium Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon clarencei Gordon, 1932
Nymphon cognatum Loman, 1928
Nymphon comes Flynn, 1928
Nymphon compactum Hoek, 1881
Nymphon conirostrum Stock, 1973
Nymphon crenatiunguis Barnard, 1946
Nymphon crosnieri Stock, 1965
Nymphon curvidens Stock, 1990
Nymphon dentiferum Child, 1997
Nymphon diabolum Child, 1988
Nymphon discorsicoxae Child, 1982
Nymphon dissimilis Hedgpeth, 1949
Nymphon distensum Möbius, 1902
Nymphon draconum Child, 1990
Nymphon dubitabile Stock, 1973
Nymphon duospinum Hilton, 1942
Nymphon elegans Hansen, 1887
Nymphon elongatum Hilton, 1942
Nymphon eltaninae Child, 1995
Nymphon enteonum Child, 2002
Nymphon falcatum Utinomi, 1955
Nymphon femorale Fage, 1956
Nymphon filatovae Turpaeva, 1993
Nymphon floridanum Hedgpeth, 1948
Nymphon forceps Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon foresti Fage, 1953
Nymphon forticulum Child, 1995
Nymphon fortunatum Stock, 1997
Nymphon foxi Calman, 1927
Nymphon frigidum Hodgson, 1907
Nymphon galatheae Fage, 1956
Nymphon gerlachei Giltay, 1935
Nymphon giltayi Hedgpeth, 1948
Nymphon giraffa Loman, 1908
Nymphon glabrum Child, 1995
Nymphon gracile Leach, 1814
Nymphon gracilipes Miers, 1875
Nymphon granulatum Arnaud & Child, 1988
Nymphon grossipes (Fabricius, 1780)
Nymphon grus Stock, 1991
Nymphon gruveli Bouvier, 1910
Nymphon gruzovi Pushkin, 1993
Nymphon gunteri Hedgpeth, 1949
Nymphon hadale Child, 1982
Nymphon hamatum Hoek, 1881
Nymphon hampsoni Child, 1982
Nymphon hedgpethi Stock, 1953
Nymphon helleri Bohm, 1879
Nymphon heterodenticulatum Hedgpeth, 1941
Nymphon heterodentum Turpaeva, 1991
Nymphon heterospinum Hedgpeth, 1949
Nymphon hiemale Hodgson, 1907
Nymphon hirsutum Child, 1995
Nymphon hirtipes Bell, 1853
Nymphon hirtum (Fabricius, 1780)
Nymphon hodgsoni Schimkewitsch, 1913
Nymphon immane Stock, 1954
Nymphon improcerum Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon inaequipes Stock, 1992
Nymphon inerme Fage, 1956
Nymphon inferum Child, 1995
Nymphon infundibulum Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon inornatum Child, 1995
Nymphon isaenki Pushkin, 1993
Nymphon japonicum Ortmann, 1891
Nymphon kensleyi Child, 1988
Nymphon kodanii Hedgpeth, 1949
Nymphon kurilense Losina-Losinsky, 1961
Nymphon kurilocompactum Turpaeva, 2004
Nymphon kurilokamchaticum Turpaeva, 1971
Nymphon lanare Hodgson, 1907
Nymphon laneum Turpaeva, 2006
Nymphon laterospinum Stock, 1963
Nymphon leptocheles Sars, 1888
Nymphon lituus Child, 1979
Nymphon lobatum Stock, 1962
Nymphon lomani Gordon, 1944
Nymphon longicaudatum Carpenter, 1904
Nymphon longicollum Hoek, 1881
Nymphon longicoxa Hoek, 1881
Nymphon longimanum Sars, 1888
Nymphon longispinum Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon longitarse Krøyer, 1844
Nymphon longituberculatum Olsen, 1913
Nymphon macabou Muller, 1990
Nymphon macilentum Stock, 1981
Nymphon macquariensis Child, 1995
Nymphon macrochelatum Pushkin, 1993
Nymphon macronyx Sars, 1877
Nymphon macrum Wilson, 1880
Nymphon maculatum Carpenter, 1910
Nymphon maldivense Clark, 1961
Nymphon maoriana Clark, 1958
Nymphon maruyamai Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon mauritanicum Fage, 1942
Nymphon megacheles Child, 1988
Nymphon megalops Sars, 1877
Nymphon mendosum (Hodgson, 1907)
Nymphon microctenatum Barnard, 1946
Nymphon microgracilipes Pushkin, 1993
Nymphon micronesicum Child, 1982
Nymphon micronyx Sars, 1888
Nymphon micropedes Hedgpeth, 1949
Nymphon microrhynchum G.O. Sars, 1888
Nymphon microsetosum Hilton, 1942
Nymphon modestum Stock, 1959
Nymphon molleri Clark, 1963
Nymphon molum Hilton, 1942
Nymphon monothrix Child, 1995
Nymphon multidens Gordon, 1932
Nymphon multituberculatum Gordon, 1944
Nymphon nagannuense Takahashi, Kajihara & Mawatari, 2012
Nymphon nakamurai Stock, 1994
Nymphon natalense Flynn, 1928
Nymphon neelovi Pushkin, 1993
Nymphon neumayri Gordon, 1932
Nymphon nipponense Hedgpeth, 1949
Nymphon novaecaledoniae Stock, 1991
Nymphon novaehollandiae Clark, 1963
Nymphon nugax Stock, 1966
Nymphon obesum Arnaud & Child, 1988
Nymphon ochoticum Losina-Losinsky, 1961
Nymphon ohshimai Hedgpeth, 1949
Nymphon okudai Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon orcadense (Hodgson, 1908)
Nymphon ortmanni Helfer, 1938
Nymphon pagophilum Child, 1995
Nymphon paralobatum Arnaud & Child, 1988
Nymphon parasiticum Merton, 1906
Nymphon parum Stock, 1991
Nymphon paucidens Gordon, 1932
Nymphon paucituberculatum Gordon, 1944
Nymphon pedunculatum Arnaud & Child, 1988
Nymphon perlucidum Hoek, P.P.C., 1881
Nymphon petri Turpaeva, 1993
Nymphon pfefferi Loman, 1923
Nymphon phasmatodes Bohm, 1879
Nymphon pilosum Möbius, 1902
Nymphon pixellae Scott, 1912
Nymphon plectrum Takahashi, Kajihara & Mawatari, 2012
Nymphon pleodon Stock, 1962
Nymphon polyglia Bamber, 2004
Nymphon premordicum Child, 1995
Nymphon primacoxa Stock, 1968
Nymphon proceroides Bouvier, 1913
Nymphon procerum Hoek, 1881
Nymphon profundum Hilton, 1942
Nymphon prolatum Fage, 1942
Nymphon proximum Calman, 1915
Nymphon pseudogracilipes Pushkin, 1993
Nymphon puellula Krapp, 1973
Nymphon pumillum Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon punctum Child, 1995
Nymphon quadriclavus Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon residuum Stock, 1971
Nymphon rottnesti Child, 1975
Nymphon rybakovi Pushkin, 1993
Nymphon sabellum Child, 1995
Nymphon sandersi Child, 1982
Nymphon sarsii Meinert, 1899
Nymphon schimkewitschi Losina-Losinsky, 1929
Nymphon schmidti Losina-Losinsky, 1961
Nymphon scotiae Stock, 1981
Nymphon serratidentatum Arnaud & Child, 1988
Nymphon serratum G. O. Sars, 1879
Nymphon setimanus Barnard, 1946
Nymphon setipedes Child, 1988
Nymphon signatum Möbius, 1902
Nymphon simulare Child, C.A., 1992
Nymphon simulatum Nakamura & Child, 1991
Nymphon singulare Stock, 1954
Nymphon sluiteri Hoek, 1901
Nymphon soyoi Utinomi, 1955
Nymphon spinifex Stock, 1997
Nymphon spiniventris Stock, 1953
Nymphon stenocheir Norman, 1908
Nymphon stipulum Child, 1990
Nymphon stocki Utinomi, 1955
Nymphon striatum Losina-Losinsky, 1929
Nymphon stroemi Krøyer, 1844
Nymphon subtile Loman, 1923
Nymphon surinamense Stock, 1975
Nymphon tanypalpes Child, 1988
Nymphon tenellum (Sars, 1888)
Nymphon tenuimanum Hodgson, 1915
Nymphon tenuipes Bouvier, 1911
Nymphon torulum Child, 1998
Nymphon tricuspidatum Soler-Membrives & Munilla, 2011[2]
Nymphon tripectinatum Turpaeva, 1971
Nymphon trispinum Child, 1998
Nymphon trituberculum Child, 1995
Nymphon tuberculare Losina-Losinsky, 1961
Nymphon tubiferum Stock, 1978
Nymphon typhlops Hodgson, 1915
Nymphon uncatum Child, 1998
Nymphon unguiculatum Hodgson, 1915
Nymphon uniunguiculatum Losina-Losinsky, 1933
Nymphon vacans Child, 1997
Nymphon villosum Hodgson, 1907
Nymphon vulcanellum Stock, 1992
Nymphon vulsum Stock, 1986
Nymphon walvisense Stock, 1981
Nymphon zundianum Pushkin, 1993

References

"Nymphon Fabricius, 1794". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
Anna SM, Tomás M (2011). "A new species of Nymphon Fabricius, 1794 (Pycnogonida: Nymphidae) from northern Spain". Zootaxa. 2798 (1): 31–36. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2798.1.2.
Mercier A, Baillon S, Hamel JF (December 2015). "Life history and feeding biology of the deep-sea pycnogonid Nymphon hirtipes". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 106: 1–8. Bibcode:2015DSRI..106....1M. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2015.08.015.
Mahon AR, Arango CP, Halanych KM (2008-09-01). "Genetic diversity of Nymphon (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida: Nymphonidae) along the Antarctic Peninsula with a focus on Nymphon australe Hodgson 1902". Marine Biology. 155 (3): 315–323. doi:10.1007/s00227-008-1029-5. S2CID 18420829.
Herring PJ (May 1987). "Systematic distribution of bioluminescence in living organisms". Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence. 1 (3): 147–163. doi:10.1002/bio.1170010303. PMID 3503524.
Munilla T, Membrives AS (April 2009). "Check-list of the pycnogonids from Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters: zoogeographic implications". Antarctic Science. 21 (2): 99–111. Bibcode:2009AntSc..21...99M. doi:10.1017/S095410200800151X. S2CID 56023359.
Bamber RN (2009). "Sea-Spiders". In Wehrtmann IS, Cortés J (eds.). Marine Biodiversity of Costa Rica, Central America. Vol. 86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 307–311. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8278-8_28. ISBN 978-1-4020-8277-1.
Dietz L, Dömel JS, Leese F, Lehmann T, Melzer RR (December 2018). "Feeding ecology in sea spiders (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida): what do we know?". Frontiers in Zoology. 15 (1): 7. doi:10.1186/s12983-018-0250-4. PMC 5856303. PMID 29568315.