Lichida

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: †Trilobitomorpha
Classis: Trilobita
Ordo: Lichida
Subordo: Lichina
Name

Lichida Moore 1959
Vernacular names
Stratographic Extension
Middle Cambrian --> Upper Devonian (Frasnian)

Lichida is an order of typically spiny trilobite that lived from the Furongian to the Devonian period.[2] These trilobites usually have 8–13 thoracic segments.[1] Their exoskeletons often have a grainy texture or have wart or spine-like tubercles. Some species are extraordinarily spiny, having spiny thoracic segments that are as long or longer than the entire body, from cephalon (head) to pygidium (tail). The sections of the pygidia are leaf-like in shape and also typically end in spines.

The order is divided into two families, Lichidae, and Lichakephalidae.[1] Some experts group the families of the closely related order Odontopleurida within Lichida, too, whereupon the family is then divided into three superfamilies, Dameselloidea, containing the family Damesellidae, Lichoidea, containing the families Lichidae and Lichakephalidae, and Odontopleuroidea, containing the family Odontopleuridae.
Taxa traditionally placed within Lichida

As mentioned earlier, the order Lichida is divided into two families.
Lichidae

Acanthopyge
Akantharges
Allolichas
Amphilichas
Apatolichas
Arctinurus
Autoloxolichas
Borealarges
Ceratarges
Conolichas
Craspedarges
Dicranogmus
Dicranopeltis
Echinolichas
Eifliarges
Gaspelichas
Hemiarges
Homolichas
Hoplolichas
Hoplolichoides
Jasperia
Leiolichas
Lichas
Lobopyge
Lyralichas
Mephiarges
Metaleiolichas
Metalichas
Metopolichas
Neolichas
Nipponarges
Ohleum
Oinochoe
Otarozoum
Paraleiolichas
Perunaspis
Platylichas
Probolichas
Pseudotupolichas
Radiolichas
Richterarges
Rontrippia
Terataspis
Terranovia
Trimerolichas
Trochurus
Uralichas
Uripes

Lichakephalidae

Acidaspidella
Acidaspides
Acidaspidina
Archikainella
Belovia
Bestjubella
Brutonia
Colossaspis
Eoacidaspis
Lichakephalus
Lichokephalina
Metaacidaspis
Paraacidaspis
Usoviana

References

S. M. Gon III (January 1, 2008). "Pictorial guide to the order Lichida". Retrieved October 24, 2013.

H. B. Whittington (2002). "Lichidae (Trilobita): morphology and classification". Journal of Paleontology. 76 (2): 306–320. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2002)076<0306:LTMAC>2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 1307144.