Pyrgomorphidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Ordo: Orthoptera
Subordo: Caelifera
Infraordo: Acrididea
Superfamilia: Pyrgomorphoidea

Familia: Pyrgomorphidae
Subfamiliae (2): Orthacridinae – Pyrgomorphinae
Name

Pyrgomorphidae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874
Type genus: Pyrgomorpha Audinet-Serville, 1838

Primary references

Brunner von Wattenwyl K. 1874. Ueber Systematik der Orthoptera und die Recensio orthopterorum von C. Stal. Verh. der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellsch. Wien, 24. PDF. Reference page.

Additional references

Brunner von Wattenwyl, K. 1882. Prodromus des Europäischen Orthopteren 78, 85, 184. Reference page.
Kevan D.K.McE. & Akbar S.S., 1964. The Pyrgomorphidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea): their systematics, tribal divisions and distribution. Canadian entomologist, 96 (12): 1505–1536. DOI: 10.4039/Ent961505-12.

Links

Pyrgomorphidae – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Pyrgomorphidae – Taxon details on National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
Pyrgomorphidae Taxon details on Fauna Europaea
Pyrgomorphidae - Orthoptera Species File Online

Vernacular names
English: Gaudy grasshoppers
français: Pyrgomorphes
日本語: オンブバッタ科

Pyrgomorphidae is a family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera; it is the only family in the superfamily Pyrgomorphoidea, with a pan-tropical distribution.[1] Their name is probably derived from pyrgos (Greek: Πύργος) meaning "tower": a reference to the form (morph) of the head in the type genus Pyrgomorpha and other genera.

They may sometimes be known as "gaudy grasshoppers",[1] due to the striking, often aposematic colouration of a number of genera; however many others are camouflaged or cryptic, including the genus Pyrgomorpha.

Subfamilies and tribes

Incomplete list of genera and species:[1]
Subfamily Orthacridinae

All tribes and selected genera only are shown here:

Tribe Brunniellini Kevan, 1963 - Philippines
Tribe Chapmanacridini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - W. Africa
Tribe Fijipyrgini Kevan, 1966 - Fiji
Tribe Geloiini Bolívar, 1905 - Madagascar
Tribe Gymnohippini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar
Tribe Ichthiacridini Kevan, Singh & Akbar, 1964 - Mexico
Tribe Ichthyotettigini Kevan, Singh & Akbar, 1964 - Mexico
Tribe Malagasphenini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar
Tribe Mitricephalini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Malesia
Tribe Nereniini Kevan, 1964 - Vietnam, PNG
Genus: Nerenia: Nerenia francoisi Bolívar, 1905 (monotypic)
Genus: Megradina: Megradina festiva Storozhenko, 2004 (monotypic)
Tribe Orthacridini Bolívar, 1905 - E. Africa, Madagascar, India, Indo-China

Neorthacris simulans at Kadavoor, Kerala, India

Genus: Kuantania Miller, 1935
Genus: Neorthacris Kevan & Singh, 1964
Genus: Orthacris Bolívar, 1884
Tribe Popoviini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - E. Africa to India
Genus: Popovia Uvarov, 1952
Tribe Psednurini Burr, 1904 - Australia
Tribe Sagittacridini Descamps & Wintrebert, 1966 - Madagascar
Tribe Verduliini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Philippines to PNG

Subfamily Pyrgomorphinae

Some notable genera and species are shown here:

Tribe Atractomorphini - Africa, Asia, Australia

Atractomorpha similis

Genus: Atractomorpha
Tribe Chlorizeinini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Africa, Asia
Genus: Chlorizeina Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
Tribe Chrotogonini Bolívar, 1904 - Africa, Asia
Tribe Desmopterini - W. Africa, Asia, Australia
Genus: Desmoptera: including Desmoptera truncatipennis[2]
Tribe Dictyophorini - Africa

Immature Dictyophorus spumans Cedarberg South Africa

Genus: Dictyophorus: including Dictyophorus spumans
Tribe Monistriini - Australia
Genus: Monistria: including Monistria cicatricosa

Monistria concinna
and Monistria pustulifera
Tribe Omurini Kevan, 1961 - South America
Tribe Petasidini - Australia
Genus: Petasida: including Petasida ephippigera (Leichhardt's grasshopper)[2][3]
Tribe Phymateini - Africa (incl. Madagascar), China

Phymateus morbillosus. Male. Common milkweed locust photographed in thorn tree (African acacia sp.) at Sterkfontein

Genus: Phymateus
Genus: Zonocerus
Tribe Poekilocerini Burmeister, 1840 - Africa, India, Indo-China, Malesia, PNG
Genus: Poekilocerus Serville, 1831
Tribe Psednurini - Australia
Genus: Psednura
Tribe Pseudomorphacridini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Indo-China
Genus: Pseudomorphacris Carl, 1916
Tribe Pyrgomorphini - Africa, W. Asia through to India
Genus: Pyrgomorpha Serville, 1838
Genus: Pyrgomorphella Bolívar, 1904
Tribe Schulthessiini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar
Tribe Sphenariini Bolívar, 1884 - Central America, Africa, China
Genus: Sphenarium Charpentier, 1845
Tribe Tagastini Bolívar, 1905 - SE Asia
Genus: Tagasta Bolívar, 1905
Tribe Taphronotini Bolívar, 1904 - Africa, India, Indo-China
Genus: Aularches Stål, 1873: monotypic Aularches miliaris

References

"Family Pyrgomorphidae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874: Orthoptera Species File".
"Orthoptera (Grasshoppers & Locusts)". anic.ento.csiro.au. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
"2. Petasida ephippigera White".