Liatongus

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Coleopterida
Ordo: Coleoptera
Subordo: Polyphaga
Infraordo: Scarabaeiformia
Superfamilia: Scarabaeoidea

Familia: Scarabaeidae
Subfamilia: Scarabaeinae
Tribus: Oniticellini
Genus: Liatongus
Species (45): L. affinis – L. amitinus – L. ancorifer – L. appositicornis – L. arrowi – L. aterrimus – L. bucerus – L. californicus – L. clypeocornis – L. davidi – L. denticornis – L. endroedii – L. fairmairei – L. femoratus – L. ferreirae – L. fulvostriatus – L. gagatinus – L. hastatus – L. imitator – L. incurvicornis – L. indicus – L. interruptus – L. martialis – L. medius – L. mergacerus – L. militaris – L. minutus – L. phanaeoides – L. pugionatus – L. raffrayi – L. rhinoceros – L. rhinocerulus – L. schoutedeni – L. sjostedti – L. spathulatus – L. taurus – L. testudo – L. triacanthus – L. tridentatus – L. tuberculicollis – L. upembanus – L. urus – L. venator – L. vertagus – L. vseteckai
Name

Liatongus Reitter, 1893
References
Additional references

Kral & Rejsek 1999: The Liatongus species with moveable clypeal horn (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Folia Heyrovskyana supplementum, 5: 1–18.

Links

Schoolmeesters, P. 2017. Scarabs: World Scarabaeidae Database (version Jul 2016). In: Roskov Y., Abucay L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., DeWalt R.E., Decock W., De Wever A., Nieukerken E. van, Zarucchi J., Penev L., eds. 2017. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 30th January 2017. Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858. Reference page. [accessed on March 27, 2017]

Liatongus is a genus of dung beetles in the subfamily Scarabaeinae of the scarab beetle family.[1][2] At least part of the upper surfaces are without hairs; the head and pronotal disc are generally sculptured; and the genae are rounded, with little or no indentation between the clypeus and the genae. Length ranges from 7.4 to 10.9 mm. Colours vary: they may be uniform brown or dull purple, or have red, white or yellow patterns on the elytra.[1]

Distribution

Found in three regions: Afrotropical, Oriental to eastern Palearctic, and western Nearctic.[1]
Taxonomy

Species

These 43 species belong to the genus Liatongus:

Liatongus affinis (Arrow, 1908) c g
Liatongus amitinus (Boucomont, 1921) c g
Liatongus ancorifer Kral & Rejsek, 1999 c g
Liatongus appositicornis Kral & Rejsek, 1999 c g
Liatongus arrowi (Boucomont, 1921) c g
Liatongus aterrimus (Boucomont, 1921) c g
Liatongus bucerus (Fairmaire, 1891) c g
Liatongus californicus (Horn, 1882) i c g b
Liatongus clypeocornis Scheuern, 1988 c g
Liatongus davidi (Boucomont, 1919) c g
Liatongus denticornis (Fairmaire, 1887) c g
Liatongus endroedii Balthasar, 1956 c g
Liatongus femoratus (Illiger, 1800) c g
Liatongus ferreirae Balthasar, 1964 c g
Liatongus fulvostriatus D'Orbigny, 1916 c g
Liatongus gagatinus (Hope, 1831) c g
Liatongus hastatus Kral & Rejsek, 1999 c g
Liatongus imitator Balthasar, 1938 c g
Liatongus incurvicornis (Fairmaire, 1887) c g
Liatongus indicus (Arrow, 1908) c
Liatongus interruptus (Quedenfeldt, 1884) c g
Liatongus martialis (Harold, 1879) c g
Liatongus medius (Fairmaire, 1889) c g
Liatongus mergacerus (Hope, 1831) c g
Liatongus militaris (Castelnau, 1840) c g
Liatongus minutus (Motschulsky, 1860) c
Liatongus phanaeoides (Westwood, 1839) c g
Liatongus pugionatus (Boheman, 1858) c g
Liatongus raffrayi (Lansberge, 1886) c g
Liatongus rhinoceros Arrow, 1931 c g
Liatongus rhinocerulus (Bates, 1889) c g
Liatongus schoutedeni (Boucomont, 1920) c
Liatongus sjostedti (Felsche, 1904) c g
Liatongus spathulatus (Roth, 1851) c g
Liatongus taurus (Boucomont, 1920) c g
Liatongus testudo (Lansberge, 1886) c g
Liatongus triacanthus (Boucomont, 1920) c g
Liatongus tridentatus (Boucomont, 1919) c g
Liatongus tuberculicollis (Felsche, 1909) c g
Liatongus upembanus Janssens, 1953 c g
Liatongus urus (Kolbe, 1914) c g
Liatongus venator (Fabricius, 1801) c g
Liatongus vertagus (Fabricius, 1798) c g

Data sources: i = ITIS,[4] c = Catalogue of Life,[5] g = GBIF,[6] b = Bugguide.net[7]
References

Davis, Adrian L.V.; Frolov, Andrey V.; Scholtz, Clarke H. (2008). The African dung beetle genera (1st ed.). Pretoria: Protea Book House. p. 237. ISBN 9781869192440.
Philips, T. Keith (11 April 2016). "Phylogeny of the Oniticellini and Onthophagini dung beetles (Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) from morphological evidence". ZooKeys (579): 9–57. doi:10.3897/zookeys.579.6183. PMC 4829968. PMID 27110200.
"Liatongus - Wikispecies". species.wikimedia.org. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
"Liatongus Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
"Browse Liatongus". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
"Liatongus". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
"Liatongus Genus Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-05-06.