Flatidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Paraneoptera
Superordo: Condylognatha
Ordo: Hemiptera
Subordo: Auchenorrhyncha
Infraorder: Fulgoromorpha
Superfamilia: Fulgoroidea

Familia: Flatidae
Subfamiliae (2): Flatinae – Flatoidinae

Genera unassigned (69): Afrexoma – Afrophantia – Afrormenis – Amasha – Anatracis – Anzora – Bahuflata – Betracis – Boretsis – Brysora – Budginmaya – Catracis – Comnar – Cromgar – Cromnella – Cryomna – Cyclopterum – Demina – Desanta – Diastracis – Dixamflata – Dworena – Erotana – Eugyaria – Falcophantis – Garanta – Humgar – Ijagar – Insulume – Karrama – Kesaflata – Kirkamflata – Lasura – Lemaria – Madoxychara – Malleja – Menora – Metcracis – Miniscia – Narowalenus – Neocalauria – Neomistaria – Neosephena – Neovariata – Ortracis – Paracalauria – Parasiphanta – Perinetella – Persepolia – Phaiophantia – Planata – Riodeorolix – Safroka – Samcerus – Saurana – Scarpuna – Shadaka – Soares – Sogalabana – Sosephena – Staliana – Stenume – Talopsus – Taparella – Tisia – Tormenis – Trisephena – Umidena – Walena

Overview of genera (314)

A

Acanthoflata – Acrophaea – Acutisha – Adelidoria – Adexia – Aflata – Afrexoma – Afrocyarda – Afrodascalia – Afrophantia – Afrormenis – Afroseliza – Alcaxor – Amasha – Anadascalia – Anatracis – Anaya – Anggira – Anidora – Anormenis – Anthoflata – Antillormenis – Anzora – Aphanophantia – Apolexis – Arelate – Atella – Atracis – Atracodes – Aulophorina – Austrodascalia
B

Bahuflata – Barsac – Betracis – Bochara – Boretsis – Brysora – Budginmaya – Burnix – Byllis – Byllisana – Bythopsyrna
C

Caesonia – Calauria – Cameruniola – Capistra – Carthaeomorpha – Catracis – Cenestra – Cerfennia – Cerynia – Chaetormenis – Chaturbuja – Circumdaksha – Cisatra – Colgar – Colgaroides – Colobesthes – Comnar – Conflata – Copsyrna – Cromgar – Cromna – Cromnella – Cryomna – Cryptobarsac – Cryptoflata – Cyarda – Cyclopterum – Cyphopterum
D

Daeda – Daksha – Dakshiana – Dalapax – Danavara – Dascalia – Dascalina – Dascaliomorpha – Dascanga – Decipha – Delostenopium – Demina – Dendrona – Deocerus – Derisa – Dermoflata – Desanta – Diastracis – Dixamflata – Doria – Doriana – Dworena
E

Epormenis – Erotana – Eudascalia – Eugyaria – Euhyloptera – Eumelicharia – Euphanta – Eurima – Eurocalia – Eurocerus – Euryphantia – Euryprosthius – Exoma
F

Falcophantis – Farona – Flata – Flataloides – Flatarina – Flatarissa – Flatida – Flatidissa – Flatina – Flatiris – Flatoides – Flatoidessa – Flatoidinus – Flatomorpha – Flatopsis – Flatoptera – Flatormenis – Flatosaria – Flatosoma – Flatula – Franciscus
G

Gaja – Garanta – Geisha – Geraldtonia – †Giselia – Gomeda – Grapaldus – Gyaria – Gyariella – Gyarina
H

Hameishara – Hansenia – Herbiflata – Hesperophantia – Hilavrita – Humgar – Hyphancylus – Hypsiphanta
I

Idume – Ijagar – Ilesia – Insulume – Ityraea
J

Jamella – Juba
K

Karrama – Kayania – Kesaflata – Ketumala – Kirkamflata
L

Lasura – Latois – Lawana – Lechaea – Lecopia – Lemaria – Leptodascalia – Leptormenis – Lesabes – Lichena – Lichenopsis – Locrona
M

Madoxychara – Malleja – Massila – Melicharia – Melichitona – Melormenis – Melormenoides – Menora – Mesophantia – Metcalfa – Metcracis – Meulona – Microflata – Mimophantia – Miniscia – Mistharnophantia – Monoflata – Mosiona
N

Nakta – Narowalenus – Neocalauria – Neocerus – Neocromna – Neodaksha – Neoflata – Neomelicharia – Neomistaria – Neosalurnis – Neosephena – Neovariata – Nephesa – Nivalios – Nullina
O

Ormenana – Ormenaria – Ormenina – Ormenis – Ormenoflata – Ormenoides – Ortracis – Oryxa
P

Panormenis – Papuanella – Paracalauria – Paracromna – Paradaksha – Paradascalia – Paraflata – Paraflatoides – Paraflatoptera – Paragomeda – Paraketumala – Paranotus – Paraseliza – Parasiphanta – Paratella – Paroxychara – Parthenormenis – Paulana – Perinetella – Persepolia – Petrusa – Peyrierasus – Phaedolus – Phaiophantia – Phalaenomorpha – Phantia – Phantiopsis – Phlebopterum – Phylliana – Phyllodryas – Phyllyphanta – Phymoides – Planata – Planodascalia – Poeciloflata – Poeciloptera – Poekilloptera – Porophloeus – Psenoflata – Pseudodascalia – Pseudoflatoides – Pseudoryxa – Pseudoseliza – Pulaha – Pulastya
R

Rabocha – Rhinophantia – Rhynchopteryx – Ricanoflata – Riculiflata – Riodeorolix
S

Sabaethis – Sabaethis – Safroka – Salurnis – Samcerus – Sanurus – Satapa – Saurana – Scarpanta – Scarpantina – Scarposa – Scarpuna – Seliza – Sephena – Shadaka – Siphanta – Siscia – Soares – Socoflata – Sogalabana – Somisha – Sosephena – Staliana – Stenocyarda – Stenume – Summanus
T

Talopsus – Taparella – Tejasa – Tetraceratium – Tisia – Tormenis – Trisephena
U

Ulundia – Umidena – Unnata – Urana – Utakwana – Uxantis – Uysanus
W

Walena
Z

Zarudnya – Zecheuna
Name

Flatidae Spinola, 1839
References

Spinola M. 1839: Essai sur les Fulgorelles, sous-tribu de la tribu des Cicadaires, ordre des Rhyngotes. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. Paris, 8: 133–337.

Fletcher, M.J. & M.L. Moir, 2002: Cryptobarsac rubriops, a new genus and species of selizine Flatidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) from grasstrees (Xanthorrhoea preissii) in South Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 21: 221–225. Full article: [1].
Fletcher, M.J.; Moir, M.L. 2009: Budginmaya eulae gen. et sp. nov., a myrmecophilous planthopper (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae) from Western Australia. Australian journal of entomology, 48: 36–39. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2008.00681.x
Gnezdilov, V.M. & O'Brien, L.B. 2014. A New Subbrachypterous Genus of the Family Flatidae (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea) from the Dominican Republic Entomological Review 94(8): 1106–1112. DOI: 10.1134/S0013873814080065 Reference page.
Larivière, M.-C.; Fletcher, M.J.; Larochelle, A. 2010: Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera): catalogue. Fauna of New Zealand, (63) ISBN 978-0-478-34720-3 (print), ISBN 978-0-478-34721-0 (online)
Macfarlane, R.P. et al. 2010: [Chapter] NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects. Pp. 233-467 in Gordon, D.P. (ed.): New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume 2. Kingdom Animalia. Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-87725793-3
Medler, J.T. 1986: Anzora and Dworena, two new genera erected for Australian species formerly placed in Paratella and Sephena (Homoptera: Fulgoridae). Insecta mundi, 1: 206–208. PDF.
Medler, J.T., 1989: Review of Jamella Kirkaldy and Malleja, gen. nov. in Australia and New Guinea, with descriptions of new species (Homoptera : Flatidae). Invertebrate Taxonomy 3 (7): 995 - 1004. Abstract: DOI: 10.1071/IT9890995.
Medler, J.T., 1989: New Guinea Flatidae (Homoptera): Species collected on economic and other plants, with descriptions of new species. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Entomology 2: 1–79.
Medler, J.T., 1999: Flatidae (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea) of Indonesia, exclusive of Irian Jaya. Zoologische Verhandelingen 324: 1–88. Full article: [2].
Medler, J.T., 2000: Flatidae of New Guinea and adjacent areas (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Bishop Museum Bulletins in Entomology 8: 1–117.
Nast, J. 1972: Palaearctic Auchenorrhyncha (Homoptera), an annotated check list. PWN- Polish Scientific Publishers, Warszawa. 550 pp.
Nast, J. 1987: The Auchenorrhyncha (Homoptera) of Europe. Annales Zoologici, 40 (15): 535–661.
Peng, L-F., Fletcher, M.J. & Zhang, Y-L. 2016. A new genus in the family Flatidae with one new combination and three new species (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha). Zootaxa 4117(2): 265–276. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4117.2.8. Reference page.
Stroiński, A., Malenovský, I. & Świerczewski, D. 2018. Socoflata gen. nov., described for two new planthopper species from the mountains in Socotra island (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae). Zootaxa 4379(3): 388–406. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4379.3.3 Reference page.
Stroiński A. & ŒSwierczewski D., 2011: A new species of the genus Panormenis Melichar, 1923 from Madagascar (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae). Genus 22 (2): 191–203. Full article: [3].
Swierczewski D. & Stroiński A., 2011: Paranotus charlotteae n. sp. a new flatid species from Sierra Leone (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae). Genus 22 (4): 531–543. Full article: [4].
Swierczewski D. & Stroiński A., 2011: Flatopsis medleri a new flatid species from Madagascar (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae). Acta zoologica cracoviensia 54B (1-2): 23–30. Full article: [5].
Yang, W-C. & Chen, X-S. 2015: New substitute name for the genus Mistaria Medler, 1988 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae). Zootaxa 3956(3): 449–500. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3956.3.11. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Zhang, Y.-L.; Peng, L.-F.; Wang, Y.-L. 2011: Nivalios gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae), first record of the tribe Nephesini from China. Zootaxa, 2882: 19–26. Preview

Links

Zicha, Ondřej et al. Flatidae – Taxon details on Biological Library (BioLib).

Flatidae are a family of fulgoroid planthoppers. They are cosmopolitan in distribution and are distinguished from others in the superfamily by a combination of characters. Like all other planthoppers, they suck phloem sap of plants. Some species are known to communicate with vibrations through the plant stems.[1] Communication may be with mates, or with ants that tend the nymphs, protecting them and gathering honeydew secretions.[2] Adults of some species have brightly coloured forewings which are tougher and known as tegmina unlike the membranous hindwings which are used for flight. Although a few can be identified by their coloration, most species requires dissection and examination under a microscope with access to literature on already described species.[3]

There are two sub-families within the family. In the subfamily Flatinae, the body of adults is flattened laterally and the tegmina are tent-like. In the Flatoidinae, the body is not laterally compressed and the tegmina are not as tent-like and sometimes held horizontally. The wing venation is distinctive in that the veins in the anal region are nodose, and the costal area has numerous cross veins.[4] The antennae are small and the first segment is collar-like and small. The second segment is longer and ends in a bulge and a flagellum arises from it. They have two ocelli. Nymphs have a tail of waxy filaments.

Subfamilies and genera

Genera within the family Flatidae include:[5][6]
Flatinae

Auth.: Spinola, 1839; selected genera:

tribe Ceryniini Distant, 1906

Adelidoria Metcalf, 1952
Adexia Melichar, 1901
Bythopsyrna Melichar, 1901
Cerynia Stål, 1862

tribe Flatini Spinola, 1839

subtribe Flatina Spinola, 1839
Flata Fabricius, 1798
Flatomorpha Melichar, 1901
subtribe Lawanina Melichar, 1923
Cromna Walker, 1857
Lawana Distant, 1906
Oryxa Melichar, 1901
subtribe Phyllyphantina Melichar, 1923
Paracromna Melichar, 1901
Phyllyphanta Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
subtribe Scarpantina Melichar, 1923
Scarpanta Stål, 1862
Scarpantina Melichar, 1901
subtribe Siphantina Melichar, 1923
Siphanta Stål, 1862

tribe Nephesini Distant, 1906

subtribe Cryptoflatina Melichar, 1923
Cryptoflata Melichar, 1901
Metcalfa Caldwell & Martorell, 1951
Ormenaria Metcalf & Bruner, 1948
Ormenoides Melichar, 1923
subtribe Nephesina Distant, 1906
Neomelicharia Kirkaldy, 1903
Nephesa Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
subtribe Phaedolina Melichar, 1923
Phaedolus Karsch, 1890
subtribe Pseudoflatina Melichar, 1923
Caesonia Stål, 1866
Colgar Kirkaldy, 1900
Colgaroides Distant, 1910 - Planthoppers
Dalapax Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
Gyaria Stål, 1862
Gyariella Schmidt, 1924
Pauliana Lallemand, 1950
Rhinophantia Melichar, 1901

tribe Phantiini Melichar, 1923

Mesophantia Melichar, 1901
Microflata Melichar, 1901
Phantia Fieber, 1866

tribe Phromniini Distant, 1906

Dermoflata Melichar, 1901
Flatida White, 1846 (= Phromnia Stål, 1862)
Flatina Melichar, 1901
Flatosoma Melichar, 1901
Paraflata Melichar, 1901
Poeciloflata Melichar, 1901

tribe Poekillopterini Kirkaldy, 1907

Poekilloptera Latreille, 1796

tribe Selizini Distant, 1906

Jamella Kirkaldy, 1906 (J. australiae, or pandanus planthopper, pest to Pandanus tectorius[7][8])
Seliza Stål, 1862

tribe Sisciini Melichar, 1923

Siscia Stål, 1870

Flatoidinae

Auth.: Melichar, 1901

Atracis Stål, 1866
Atracodes Melichar, 1902
Bochara Distant, 1906
Cerfennia Stål, 1870
Cisatra Melichar, 1923
Dendrona Melichar, 1923
Flataloides Metcalf, 1938
Flatarina Metcalf & Bruner, 1948
Flatarissa Metcalf & Bruner, 1948
Flatoides Guérin-Ménéville, 1844
Flatoidessa Melichar, 1923
Flatoidinus Melichar, 1923
Flatosaria Melichar, 1923
Franciscus Distant, 1910
Gaja Distant, 1906
Lichena Melichar, 1901
Lichenopsis Schmidt, 1912
Melichitona Metcalf, 1952
Paraflatoides Melichar, 1923
Phalaenomorpha Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
Porophloeus Melichar, 1902
Pseudoflatoides Metcalf, 1938
Uxantis Stål, 1870
Uysanus Distant, 1908

incertae sedis

Afrexoma Fennah, 1976
Afrophantia Fennah, 1958
Afrormenis Fennah, 1958
Amasha Medler, 1992
Anatracis Fennah, 1958
Anzora Medler, 1986
Bahuflata Dlabola, 1979
Betracis Medler, 1988
Boretsis Medler, 1996
Brysora Medler, 2000
Budginmaya Fletcher & Moir, 2009
Catracis Medler, 1988
Comnar Medler, 1988
Cromgar Medler, 2000
Cromnella Fennah, 1969
Cryomna Medler, 2000
Cyclopterum Gnezdilov & O'Brien, 2014
Demina Medler, 2000
Desanta Medler, 2000
Diastracis Medler, 1988
Dixamflata Stroinski, Malenovský & Swierczewski, 2016
Dworena Medler, 1986
Erotana Medler, 2000
Eugyaria Synave, 1962
Falcophantis Fletcher, 1988
Garanta Medler, 2000
Humgar Medler, 2001
Ijagar Medler, 2000
Insulume Medler, 1999
Karrama Medler, 1988
Kesaflata Stroinski, Malenovsky & Swierczewski, 2016
Kirkamflata Swierczewski, Malenovsky & Stroinski, 2014
Lasura Medler, 1992
Lemaria Medler, 1988
Madoxychara Stroinski & Swierczewski, 2013
Malleja Medler, 1990
Menora Medler, 1999
Metcracis Medler, 1993
Miniscia Medler, 1991
Narowalenus Shakila, 1991
Neocalauria Synave, 1957
Neomistaria Yang & Chen, 2015
Neosephena Medler, 2000
Neovariata Shakila, 1984
Ortracis Medler, 1996
Paracalauria Synave, 1962
Parasiphanta Fletcher, 1988
Perinetella Synave, 1956
Persepolia Dlabola & Safavi, 1972
Peyrierasus Stroinski & Swierczewski, 2013
Phaiophantia Lindberg, 1958
Planata Medler, 1999
Riodeorolix Lindberg, 1956
Safroka Medler, 2001
Samcerus Medler, 1993
Saurana Medler, 1992
Scarpuna Medler, 2006
Shadaka Medler, 2000
Soares Stroiński & Świerczewski, 2012
Sogalabana Stroiński & Świerczewski, 2014
Sosephena Medler, 1990
Staliana Medler, 1988
Stenume Medler, 1999
Talopsus Medler, 1989
Taparella Medler, 1989
Tisia Dlabola, 1981
Tormenis Medler, 1999
Trisephena Medler, 1990
Umidena Medler, 1992
Walena Medler, 1999

References

Virant-Doberlet, Meta; Žežlina, Ivan (2007). "Vibrational Communication of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Flatidae)" (PDF). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 100 (1): 73–82. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2007)100[73:VCOMPH]2.0.CO;2.
Pfeiffer, Martin; Linsenmair,K.E. (2007). "Trophobiosis in a tropical rainforest on Borneo: giant ants Camponotus gigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) herd wax cicadas Bythopsyrna circulata (Auchenorrhyncha: Flatidae)". Asian Myrmecology. 1: 105–119.
Stephen W. Wilson (2005). "Keys to the families of Fulgoromorpha with emphasis on planthoppers of potential economic importance in the Southeastern United States (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha)". Florida Entomologist. 88 (4): 464–481. doi:10.1653/0015-4040(2005)88[464:kttfof]2.0.co;2.
F. Muir (1923). "On the classification of the Fulgoroidea (Homoptera)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. 5 (2): 205–247.
Bourgoin Th. (2013) Hemiptera Database - FLOW (Fulgoromorpha Lists on The Web): a world knowledge base dedicated to Fulgoromorpha. Version 8.
BioLib.cz: family Flatidae Spinola, 1839 (retrieved 29 August 2020)
"The insects killing Fraser Island's pandanus population". Queensland Times. 26 January 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
Coghill, Jon (29 October 2015). "Rangers turn to tiny native wasp to save Fraser Island's iconic pandanus population". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 4 January 2021.