Eumastacidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Ordo: Orthoptera
Subordo: Caelifera
Infraordo: Acrididea
Superfamilia: Eumastacoidea

Familia: Eumastacidae
Subfamiliae: Eumastacinae - Eumastacopinae - Gomphomastacinae - Masynteinae - Morseinae - Paramastacinae - Parepisactinae - Pseudomastacinae - Unassigned
Name

Eumastacidae Burr, 1899
Vernacular names
日本語: クビボソバッタ科
Türkçe: Maymun çekirgeler

Eumastacidae are a family of grasshoppers sometimes known as monkey- or matchstick grasshoppers. They usually have thin legs that are held folded at right angles to the body, sometimes close to the horizontal plane. Many species are wingless and the head is at an angle with the top of the head often jutting above the line of the thorax and abdomen. They have three segmented tarsi and have a short antenna with a knobby organ at the tip. They do not have a prosternal spine or tympanum. Most species are tropical and the diversity is greater in the Old World. They are considered primitive within the Orthoptera and feed on algae, ferns and gymnosperms, the more ancient plant groups.[1]

The families Chorotypidae and Morabidae were formerly included in this group as subfamilies but are now considered as families within the Eumastacoidea. With the exception of the central Asian Gomphomastacinae, all other subfamilies are restricted to South America.[2]

Subfamilies and Genera

The Orthoptera Species File lists the following:[3]
Eumastacinae

Auth.: Burr, 1899 - central and south America

Amedegnatomastax Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona, 2015
Andeomastax Descamps, 1979
Araguamastax Descamps, 1982
Beomastax Descamps, 1979
Caenomastax Hebard, 1923
Cardonamastax Cadena-Castañeda, 2015
Descampsmastax Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona, 2015
Erythromastax Descamps, 1971
Eumastax Burr, 1899
Hebardomastax Cadena-Castañeda, 2016
Helicomastax Rowell & Bentos-Pereira, 2001
Homeomastax Descamps, 1979
Hysteromastax Descamps, 1979
Phryganomastax Descamps, 1982
Santanderia Hebard, 1923
Sciaphilomastax Descamps, 1979
Zeromastax Porras, 2007

Gomphomastacinae

Auth.: Burr, 1899 - India, central and north-eastern Asia

Afghanomastax Descamps, 1974
Brachymastax Ramme, 1939
Clinomastax Bei-Bienko, 1949
Gomphomastax Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1898
Gyabus Özdikmen, 2008
Myrmeleomastax Yin, 1984
Nepalomastax Yamasaki, 1983
Oreomastax Bei-Bienko, 1949
Paedomastax Bolívar, 1930
Pentaspinula Yin, 1982
Phytomastax Bei-Bienko, 1949
Ptygomastax Bei-Bienko, 1959
Sinomastax Yin, 1984

Subfamilies M

Masynteinae

Auth.: Descamps, 1973 - Cuba

Masyntes Karsch, 1889

Morseinae

Auth.: Rehn, 1948 - Americas

tribe Daguerreacridini Descamps, 1973

Daguerreacris Descamps & Liebermann, 1970

tribe Morseini Rehn, 1948

Eumorsea Hebard, 1935
Morsea Scudder, 1898

tribe Psychomastacini Descamps, 1973

Psychomastax Rehn & Hebard, 1918

Subfamilies P

Paramastacinae

Auth.: Rehn & Grant Jr., 1958 - south America

Paramastax Burr, 1899

Parepisactinae

Auth.: Descamps, 1971 - south America

Chapadamastax Descamps, 1979
Parepisactus Giglio-Tos, 1898

Pseudomastacinae

Auth.: Rehn & Grant Jr., 1958 - south America

Pseudomastax Bolívar, 1914

Temnomastacinae

Auth.: Rehn & Grant Jr., 1958 - south America

tribe Eumastacopini Descamps, 1973

Arawakella Rehn & Rehn, 1942
Bahiamastax Descamps, 1979
Eumastacops Rehn & Rehn, 1942
Maripa Descamps & Amédégnato, 1970
Pareumastacops Descamps, 1979
Pseudeumastacops Descamps, 1974
Tachiramastax Descamps, 1974

tribe Temnomastacini Rehn & Grant, 1958

Eutemnomastax Descamps, 1979
Temnomastax Rehn & Rehn, 1942

Incertae sedis

Acutacris Dirsh, 1965 - Madagascar
Angulomastax Zheng, 1985 - central Asia
†Archaeomastax Sharov, 1968
†Taphacris Cockerell, 1926

References

Capinera, John L. (2008). Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer. pp. 1699–1700. ISBN 9781402062421.
S. Matt; P. K. Flook; C. H. F. Rowell (2008). "A Partial Molecular Phylogeny of the Eumastacoidea s. lat. (Orthoptera, Caelifera)" (PDF). Journal of Orthoptera Research. 17 (1): 43–55. doi:10.1665/1082-6467(2008)17[43:apmpot]2.0.co;2.
Species File (v. 5.0; retrieved 10 August 2021)