Coccoidea

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Paraneoptera
Superordo: Condylognatha
Ordo: Hemiptera
Subordo: Sternorrhyncha
Superfamilia: Coccoidea
Familiae:

Archaeococcoid familiae:

†Apticoccidae - †Arnoldidae - †Burmacoccidae - Callipappidae - Carayonemidae - Coelostomidiidae - †Electrococcidae - †Grimaldiellidae - †Grohnidae - †Hammanococcidae - †Hodgsonicoccidae - †Jersicoccidae - †Kozariidae - †Kukaspididae - Kuwaniidae - †Labiococcidae - †Lebanococcidae - Lithuanicoccidae - Marchalinidae - Margarodidae - Matsucoccidae - Monophlebidae - Ortheziidae - Phenacoleachiidae - Pityococcidae - Putoidae - Rhizoecidae - †Serafinidae - Steingeliidae - Stigmacoccidae - †Weitschatidae - Xylococcidae

Neococcoid familiae:

Aclerdidae - †Albicoccidae - Asterolecaniidae - Beesoniidae - Cerococcidae - Coccidae - Conchaspididae - Dactylopiidae - Diaspididae - Eriococcidae - Halimococcidae - †Inkaidae - Kermesidae - Kerriidae - Lecanodiaspididae - Micrococcidae - †Pennygullaniidae - Phenacoleachiidae - Pseudococcidae - Stictococcidae - Xenococcidae

Familia incertae sedis:

†Alacrena – †Magnilens – †Marmyan – †Pedicellicoccus – †Xiphos

Name

Coccoidea
References

Ben-Dov, Y. 2011: An updated checklist of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Margarodidae sensu lato group. Zootaxa 2859: 1–62. Preview
2011: Zootaxa 3004: 1–32. Preview

Gullan, P.J.; Cook, L.G. 2007: Phylogeny and higher classification of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea). Pp. 413-425 in: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (eds) Linnaeus tercentenary: progress in invertebrate taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668: 1–766. PDF
Hardy, N.B. 2013: The status and future of scale insect (Coccoidea) systematics. Systematic entomology 38(3): 453–458. DOI: 10.1111/syen.12022 Reference page.

Hodgson, C.; Foldi, I. 2006: A review of the Margarodidae sensu Morrison (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) and some related taxa based on the morphology of adult males. Zootaxa, 1263: 1–250.
Hodgson, C.J. & Hardy, N.B. 2013. The phylogeny of the superfamily Coccoidea (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) based on the morphology of extant and extinct macropterous males. Systematic entomology 38(4): 794–804. DOI: 10.1111/syen.12030 Paywall. Reference page.

Koteja, J (2004). "Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccinea) from cretaceous Myanmar (Burmese) amber". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (2): 109–114. DOI: 10.1017/S1477201904001166. – via Taylor & Francis (subscription required)

Koteja, J.; Azar, D. (2008). "Scale insects from Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccinea)" (PDF). Alavesia. 2: 133–167. ISSN 1887-7419. Archived from the original ([PDF) on 2012-06-20.

Łagowska, B. & Golan, K. 2020. An updated annotated checklist of scale insects (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccomorpha) of Poland. ZooKeys, 918: 65–81. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.918.49126 Open access Reference page.
Malumphy, C. 2014. An annotated checklist of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Saint Lucia, Lesser Antilles. Zootaxa 3846(1): 69–86. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.1.3 Reference page.
Miller, D.R.; Rung, A.; Parikh, G. 2014: Scale Insects, edition 2, a tool for the identification of potential pest scales at U.S.A. ports-of-entry (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea). ZooKeys 431: 61–78. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.431.7474 Reference page.
Moghaddam, M. 2013: An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys 334: 1–92. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.334.5818 Reference page.
Pellizzari, G.; Williams, D.J. 2013: Simple rules on adjectival endings in zoological nomenclature and their use in scale insect names (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea), with some corrections to combinations in common use. Zootaxa 3710(5): 401–414. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3710.5.1 Reference page.

Vea, IM; Grimaldi, DA 2015. Diverse New Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in Amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a Phylogenetic Framework for Fossil Coccoidea. American Museum Novitates, 3823: 1–80. doi:10.1206/3823.1.

Pellizzari, G., Chadzidimitriou, E., Milonas, P., Stathas, G.J. & Kozár, F. 2015. Check list and zoogeographic analysis of the scale insect fauna (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) of Greece. Zootaxa 4012(1): 57–77. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4012.1.3. Preview (PDF) Full article (PDF) Reference page.
Williams, D.J. 2007. Carl Linnaeus and his scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Pp. 427-490 In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (eds) Linnaeus tercentenary: progress in invertebrate taxonomy. Zootaxa 1668: 1–766. Abstract & excerpt Reference page.

Williams, D.J. 2011: Some words used in scale insect names (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea). Zootaxa, 3087: 66–68. Preview
Williams, D.J. 2013: Family-group names in the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)—a supplement. Zootaxa 3616(4): 325–344. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.2 Reference page.
Williams, D.J. 2016. Amendments to some scale insect names (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha). Zootaxa 4193(3): 588–589. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4193.3.8. Reference page.
Williams, D.J. 2017. E.E. Green’s collection of scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) in The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Zootaxa 4318(2): 201–253. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.2.1. Reference page.
Williams, D.J.; Denno, B.D. 2014: Scale insect genus-group names and their families (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea). Zootaxa 3813(1): 1–84. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3813.1.1 Reference page.
Williams, D.J.; Hodgson, C.J. 2013: Are some prepupae and pupae of male mealybugs and root mealybugs (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Pseudococcidae and Rhizoecidae) mobile? ZooKeys 364: 19-28. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.364.6459 Reference page.
Williams, D.J.; Hodgson, C.J. 2014: The case for using the infraorder Coccomorpha above the superfamily Coccoidea for the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha). Zootaxa 3869(3): 348–350. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.3.9 Reference page.
Williams, D.J.; Miller, D.R. 2010: Scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) of the Krakatau Islands including species from adjacent Java. Zootaxa 2451: 43–52. Preview PDF
Williams, D.J.; Pellizzari, G. 2014: Latin abbreviations and words used in scale insect literature (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea). Zootaxa 3785(3): 497–500. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3785.3.11 Reference page.

Links

Miller, D. & Y. Ben-Dov. 2005. ScaleNet[1]

Vernacular names
English: scale insects
français: cochenilles
עברית: כנימות מגן
hrvatski: Štitaste uši
日本語: カイガラムシ上科