Baetidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Ordo: Ephemeroptera
Subordo: Pisciformia
Superfamily: Baetoidea

Familia: Baetidae
Genera (49): Acanthiops – Acentrella – Afrobaetodes – Afroptilum – Alainites – Americabaetis – Anafroptilum – Apobaetis – Baetiella – Baetis – Baetodes – Baetopus – Barbaetis – Bungona – Callibaetis – Camelobaetidius – Centroptilum – Cheleocloeon – Cloeodes – Cloeon – Corinnella – Crassabwa – Demoulinia – Echinopus – Edmundsiops – Fallceon – Harpagobaetis – Kirmaushenkreena – Labiobaetis – Madaechinopus – Monocentroptilum – Nigrobaetis – Offadens – Paracloeodes – Parakari – Platybaetis – Potamocloeon – Prebaetodes – Procerobaetis – Procloeon – Pseudocentroptiloides – Pseudocloeon – Pseudopannota – Rhithrocloeon – Rivudiva – Scutoptilum – Spiritiops – Susua – Takobia – Tenuibaetis – Varipes – Waynokiops – Xyrodromeus – †Vetuformosa

Check (1): Moribaetis
Name

Baetidae Leach, 1815

References

Leach, W.E. 1815. Entomology [pp. 57–172]. In: Brewster, D. (Ed). Brewster’s Edinburgh Encyclopedia. Volume IX [part I]. W. Blackwood, J. Waugh, etc., Edinburgh, 764 pp. BHL Reference page.
Derka, T. & Nieto, C. 2018. A new species of Cryptonympha Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Cerro Duida (Venezuela). Zootaxa 4377(4): 587–592. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4377.4.9 Reference page.
Gattolliat, J-L., 2000: Three new species of Afroptiloides (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) and first report of this genus from Madagascar. Mitteillung der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 73: 305–315. Full article: [1].
Gattolliat, J-L., 2001: Rheoptilum: A new genus of two-tailed baetidae (Ephemeroptera) from Madagascar. Aquatic Insects 23 (1): 67–81. Full article: [2].
Gattolliat J-L., 2001: Six new species of the genus Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Madagascar with comments on the validity of the genus. Annals of Limnology 37: 97–123. Full article: [3].
Gattolliat J-L., 2001: The genus Cloeodes (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in Madagascar. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 108: 387–402. Full article: [4].
Gattolliat J-L., 2002: A new species of Pseudopannota (Baetidae: Ephemeroptera) from Madagascar. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 88: 19–29. Full article: [5].
Gattolliat J-L., 2002: The genus Cloeon (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) in Madagascar. Mitteillung der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 74: 195–209.
Gattolliat J-L., 2002: Three new Malagasy species of Xyrodromeus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) with the first generic description of the adults. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 109: 325–341. Full article: [6].
Gattolliat, J.-L. 2002: Two new genera of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera; Insecta) from Madagascar. Aquatic insects, 24: 143–159. ISSN 0165-0424 print/ISSN 1744-4152 online DOI: 10.1076/aqin.24.2.143.4903 PDF
Gattolliat J-M., 2003: The genera Demoulinia Gillies and Potamocloeon Gillies (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in Madagascar. Zootaxa 184: 1–18. Full article: [7].
Gattolliat J-M., 2004: A distinctive new species of Xyrodromeus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Madagascar. Zootaxa 452: 1–10. Full article: [8].
Gattolliat J-L., 2004: First reports of the genus Nigrobaetis Novikova & Kluge (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Madagascar and La Réunion with observations on Afrotropical biogeography. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 111: 657–669. Full article: [9].
Gattolliat J-L., 2006: Bugilliesia Lugo-Ortiz and McCafferty and allied genera (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera), with emphasis on West African fauna. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 79: 281–298. Full article: [10].
Gattolliat J.L. ; Barber-James H.M. & Monaghan M.T., 2009: New species and generic delimitation of the Afrotropical genera Bugilliesia Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1996; Cheleocloeon Wuillot & Gillies, 1993 and Delouardus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1999 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Aquatic Insects 31(3): 167–186. Full article: [11].
Gattolliat J.-L. ; Hughes S.J. ; Monaghan M.T. & Sartori M. 2008: Revision of Madeiran mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Zootaxa 1957: 52–68. Full article: [12].
Gattolliat J.-L. & Jacobus L.M., 2005: Review of the Dabulamanzia and Nesydemius (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) species of Madagascar. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 113: 212–217. Full article: [13].
Gattolliat, J.-L.; Jacobus, L.M. 2010: Madaechinopus, a replacement name for Echinopus Gattolliat, 2002 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), nec Fisher, 1814 (Monotremata: Tachyglossidae) and nec Schoenherr, 1836 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Aquatic insects, 32: 159–160. ISSN 0165-0424 print/ISSN 1744-4152 online DOI: 10.1080/01650424.2010.488651.
Gattolliat. J.-L. & Sartori, M., 1999: A new species of Afrobaetodes (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) and first report of this genus from Madagascar. Annales de Limnologie 35: 179–184. Full aticle: [14].
Gattolliat J.-L. & Sartori M., 1999: Revision of the Malagasy genus Nesoptiloides (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique Suisse 72: 23–30. Full article: [15].
Gattolliat, J.-L. & Sartori M., 2000: Contribution to the systematics of the genus Dabulamanzia (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in Madagascar. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 107: 561–577. Full article: [16].
Gattolliat, J.-L. & Sartori M., 2000: Guloptiloides: an extraordinary new carnivorous genus of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera). Aquatic Insects 22: 148–159. Full article: [17].
Gattolliat, J.-L. & Sartori M., 2003: An overview of the Baetidae of Madagascar. Pages 135-144 in Gaino E. (ed). Research update on Ephemeroptera & Plecoptera. Università di Perugia. Perugia, Italy. Full article: [18].
Gattolliat, J.-L. & Sartori, M., 2006: The mayflies of Ghana (Insecta: Ephemeroptera). Annale Historico-naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 98: 5–28. Full article: [19].
Gattolliat, J.-L. & Sartori, M., 2008: Order Ephemeroptera. Arthropod Fauna of the UAE 1: 47–83. Full article: [20].
Gattolliat, J.-L. ; Sartori, M & Elouard, J.-M., 1999: Three new species of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) from the Réserve Naturelle Intégrale d’Andohahela, Madagascar. Fieldiana Zoology (n.s.) 94: 115–124. Full article: [21]].
Gillies. M.T., 1949: Notes on some Ephemeroptera Baëtidae from India and South-East Asia. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society London 100: 161–177. Full article: [22].
Gillies, M.T., 1979: Cloeon pusillum Navas, a species of Afrobaetodes Demoulin (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine (1978) 114: 153–154. Full article: [23].
Gillies, M.T., 1979: Polymorphism in the turbinate eyes of an African Cloeon (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine (1978) 114: 155. Full article: [24].
Gillies, M.T., 1980: An introduction to the study of Cloeon Leach (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in West Africa. Bulletin de l'Institute française d'Afrique Noire, sér. A, 42(1): 135–156. Full article: [25].
Gillies, M.T., 1985: A preliminary account of the East African species of Cloeon Leach and Rhithrocloeon gen. n. (Ephemeroptera). Aquatic Insects 7(1): 1–17. Full article: [26].
Gillies, M.T., 1989: Occurrence of Rhithrocloeon (Baetidae: Ephemeroptera) in West Africa. Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale 22: 287–288. Full article: [27].
Gillies, M.T., 1990: A revision of the African species of Centroptilum Eaton (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera). Aquatic Insects 12(2):97-128. Full article: [28].
Gillies, M.T., 1990: A new genus for the Afrotropical mayfly, Cloeon dentatum Kimmins (Ephem., Baetidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 126: 207–208. Full article: [29].
Gillies, M.T., 1990: A revision of the Argentine species of Callibaetis Eaton (Baetidae; Ephemeroptera). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 48(1–4): 15–39. Full article: [30].
Gillies, M.T., 1991. A new species of Afroptilum (Afroptiloides) from East Africa (Ephem., Baetidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 127: 109–115. Full article: [31].
Gillies, M.T., 1991: New records and a new species of Afrobaetodes Demoulin (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) from Tanzania. Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale 24: 105–110. Full article: [32].
Gillies, M.T., 1992: A new synonym and distribution records of Afroptilum sudafricanum Lestage (Baetidae Ephemeroptera) from the East African Highlands. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 55(1): 33–38.
Gillies, M.T., 1993: Descriptions of some Afrotropical Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) II. Baetis Leach, s.l., West African species. Aquatic Insects 15(4): 213–223. Full article: [33].
Gillies, M.T., 1994: Description of some Afrotropical Baetidae (Ephemeroptera): II. Baetis Leach, s.l., East African species. Aquatic Insects 16(2): 105–118. Full article: [34].
Gillies, M.T., 1997: A new species of Procloeon Bengtsson from the forest zone of West Africa (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 133: 247–250.
Gillies, M.T., 1999: Reinstatement of Afroptiloides as a genus (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera). Aquatic Insects 21: 197–203. Full article: [35].
Gillies, M.T., 2001: A new species of Aturbina (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) Lugo-Ortiz and McCafferty from Uruguay. Pages 331-335 in Domínguez E. Trends in Research in Ephemeroptera & Plecoptera. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers. New York. Full article: [36].
Gillies, M.T., 2001: New species of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) from the Upper River Sigi, Usambara, Tanzania. Journal of Natural History 35: 23–32. Full article: [37].
Gillies, M.T ; Elouard J-M. & Wuillot J., 1990. Ephemeroptera from West Africa: the genus Ophelmatostoma (Baetidae). Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale 23(2): 115–120. Full article: [38].
Gillies, M.T ; Elouard J-M. & Wuillot J., 1990: Ephemeroptera from West Africa: the genus Ophelmatostoma (Baetidae). Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale 23(2): 115–120. Full article: [39].
Gillies, M.T & Wuillot J., 1997: Platycloeon, a new genus of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) from East Africa. Aquatic Insects 19: 185–189. Full article: [40].
Godunko, R.J., Martynov, A.V. & Gattolliat, J-L. 2018. Redescription of Nigrobaetis rhithralis (Soldán & Thomas, 1983) (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Zootaxa 4462(1): 41–72. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.1.2 Paywall Reference page.
Hill, M.A.; Pfeiffer, J.; Jacobus, L.M. 2010: A new genus and new species of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) from lakes and reservoirs in eastern North America. Zootaxa, 2481: 61–68. Preview PDF
Kaltenbach, T. & Gattolliat, J-L. 2019. A new species of Tenuibaetis Kang & Yang, 1994 from Indonesia (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae). Zookeys, 820: 13–23. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.820.31487 Reference page.
Kluge, N.J. 2015. First description of winged stages of Thraulobaetodes Elouard & Hideux 1991 and reclassification of Rhithrocloeoninae (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae). Zootaxa 3949(4): 491–514. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3949.4.2. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Kluge, N.J. 2016. Redescription of the genus Cheleocloeon Wuillot & Gillies 1993 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) with descriptions of three new species from Zambia and Uganda. Zootaxa 4067(2): 135–167. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4067.2.2. Reference page.
Kluge, N.J. 2018. A new Afrotropical genus Monocentroptilum gen. n. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae: Protopatellata). Zootaxa 4486(2): 115–128. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4486.2.2 Paywall Reference page.
Kluge, N.J., Gattolliat, J-L. & Salles, F.F. 2017. Redescription of the Afrotropical genus Crassabwa Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1996 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae: Protopatellata). Zootaxa 4350(3): 401–435. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.3.1. Reference page.
Kluge, N.J., Gattolliat, J-L., Salles, F.F. & Novikova, E.A. 2018. Revision of the Afrotropical genus Susua Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1998 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae: Protopatellata). Zootaxa 4434(1): 1–28. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4434.1.1 Paywall Reference page.
Kluge, N.J. & Novikova, E.A. 2016. New tribe Labiobaetini tribus n., redefinition of Pseudopannota Waltz & McCafferty 1987 and descriptions of new and little known species from Zambia and Uganda. Zootaxa 4169(1): 1–43. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4169.1.1. Reference page.
Kluge, N.J. & Novikova, E.A. 2017. Occurrence of Anafroptilum Kluge 2012 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in Oriental Region. Zootaxa 4282(3): 453–472. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4282.3.2. Reference page.
Kubendran, T., Balasubramanian, C., Selvakumar, C., Gattolliat, J-L. & Sivaramakrishnan, G.G. 2015: Contribution to the knowledge of Tenuibaetis Kang & Yang 1994, Nigrobaetis Novikova & Kluge 1987 and Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge 1987 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from the Western Ghats (India). Zootaxa 3957(2): 188–200. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3957.2.3. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Lugo-Ortiz, C.R.; McCafferty, W.P. 1998: Offadens, a new genus of small minnow mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Australia. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 100(2): 306–309. BHL
Lugo-Ortiz, C.R.; McCafferty, W.P. 1998: The Centroptiloides Complex of Afrotropical small minnow mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 91(1): 1–26.
Lugo-Ortiz, C.R.; McCafferty, W.P. 1999: Edmundsiops instigatus: a new genus and species of small minnow mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Australia. Entomological news, 110(1): 65–69. BHL
Martynov, A.V. & Godunko, R.J. 2017. Mayflies of the Caucasus Mountains. IV. New species of the genus Nigrobaetis Novikova & Kluge, 1987 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Georgia. Zootaxa 4231(1): 70–84. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4231.1.4. Reference page.
Nieto, C. et al. 2011: The family Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Venezuelan Guayana’s uplands. Zootaxa, 2808: 1–17. Preview
Nieto, C.; Derka, T. 2011: Parakari a new genus of the family Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Guyana Highlands. Zootaxa, 3032: 47–59. Preview
Salles, F.F. & C.N. Francischetti, 2004: Cryptonympha dasilvai sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Brazil. Neotropical Entomology 33 (2): 213–216. Abstract and full article: DOI: 10.1590/S1519-566X2004000200011.
Shi, W-F. & Tong, X-L. 2015. Taxonomic notes on the genus Baetiella Uéno from China, with the descriptions of three new species (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Zootaxa 4012(3): 553–569. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4012.3.9. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Sroka, P., Yanai, Z., Palatov, D. & Gattolliat, J-L. 2021. Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Takobia Novikova & Kluge, 1987 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) in Central Asia. ZooKeys 1071ː 127–154. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1071.71582 Open access Reference page.
Sutthinun, C., Gattolliat, J-L. & Boonsoong, B. 2018. A new species of Platybaetis Müller-Liebenau, 1980 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Thailand, with description of the imago of Platybaetis bishopi Müller-Liebenau, 1980. Zootaxa 4378(1): 85–97. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.1.5 Reference page.
Suttinun, C., Gattolliat, J-L. & Boonsoong, B. 2022. First report of the genus Tenuibaetis (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Thailand revealing a complex of cryptic species. Zookeys 1084ː 165–182. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1084.78405 Open access Reference page.
Suttinun, C., Kaltenbach, T., Gattolliat, J-L. & Boonsoong, B. 2021. A new species and first record of the genus Procerobaetis Kaltenbach & Gattolliat, 2020 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Thailand. ZooKeys 1023: 13–28. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1023.61081 Open access Reference page.
Taylor, C.L., Barker, N.P., Barber-James, H.M., Villet, M.H. & Pereira-a-Conceicoa, L.L. 2020. Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa. ZooKeys, 936: 1–24. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.936.38587 Open access Reference page.
Waltz, R.D., McCafferty, W.P. & Kennedy, J.H. 1985. Barbaetis: A new genus of eastern nearctic mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Great Lakes entomologist 18(4): 161–165. PDF

Vernacular names
한국어: 꼬마하루살이과
norsk: Smådøgnfluer
русский: Двухвостые подёнки

Baetidae is a family of mayflies with about 1000 described species in 110 genera distributed worldwide.[1] These are among the smallest of mayflies, adults rarely exceeding 10 mm in length excluding the two long slender tails and sometimes much smaller, and members of the family are often referred to as small mayflies or small minnow mayflies. Most species have long oval forewings with very few cross veins (see Comstock-Needham system) but the hindwings are usually very small or even absent. The males often have very large eyes, shaped like turrets above the head (this is known as "turbinate condition").
A baetid mayfly emerging from its exuvia

Baetids breed in a wide range of waters from lakes and streams to ditches and even water butts. The nymphs are strong swimmers and feed mainly on algae.

The oldest members of the family date to the Late Cretaceous, with Myanmarella and Vetuformosa known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber, and Palaeocloeon from the Santonian aged Taimyr amber.
See also

List of Baetidae genera