Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Cladus: Pancrustacea
Superclassis: Multicrustacea
Classis: Malacostraca
Subclassis: Eumalacostraca
Superordo: Eucarida
Ordo: Decapoda
Subordo: Pleocyemata
Infraordo: Brachyura
Sectio: Eubrachyura
Subsectio: Thoracotremata
Superfamilia: Grapsoidea
Familia: Gecarcinidae
Genera: Cardisoma – Discoplax – Epigrapsus – Gecarcinus – Gecarcoidea – Johngarthia – Tuerkayana
References
Rodríguez, Gilberto. 1980. Crustaceos Decapodos de Venezuela. Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas. Caracas - Venezuela pp:399-404.
The Gecarcinidae, the land crabs, are a family of true crabs that are adapted for terrestrial existence. Similar to all other crabs, land crabs possess a series of gills. In addition, the part of the carapace covering the gills is inflated and equipped with blood vessels. These organs extract oxygen from the air, analogous to the vertebrate lungs. Adult land crabs are terrestrial, but visit the sea periodically, where they breed and their larvae develop. Land crabs are tropical omnivores which sometimes cause considerable damage to crops. Most land crabs have one of their claws larger than the other.
The family contains these genera:[1]
Cardisoma
Discoplax
Epigrapsus
Gecarcinus
Gecarcoidea
Johngarthia
Tuerkayana[2]
Mitochondrial genome sequencing indicates that members of the family (Gecarcoidia natalis and Cardisoma carnifex) are sister to the Sesarmidae.[3]
See also
Sesarmidae, another family of terrestrial crabs
Coenobitidae, terrestrial hermit crabs
References
Peter K. L. Ng; Danièle Guinot & Peter J. F. Davie (2008). "Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 17: 1–286. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-06.
Guinot, Danièle; Ng, Ngan Kee; Rodríguez Moreno, Paula A. (21 December 2018). "Review of grapsoid families for the establishment of a new family for Leptograpsodes Montgomery, 1931, and a new genus of Gecarcinidae H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Grapsoidea MacLeay, 1838)" (PDF). Zoosystema. 40 (sp1): 547–604. doi:10.5252/zoosystema2018v40a26. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 February 2019.
Zhang, Ying; Gao, Yan; Gong, Li; Lu, Xinting; Jiang, Lihua; Liu, Bingjian; Liu, Liqin; Lü, Zhenming; Li, Pengfei (2021-12-01). "Mitochondrial Genome of Episesarma lafondii (Brachyura: Sesarmidae) and Comparison with Other Sesarmid Crabs". Journal of Ocean University of China. 20 (6): 1545–1556. doi:10.1007/s11802-021-4779-z. ISSN 1993-5021.
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