Sarah Frances Whiting

Sarah Frances Whiting (August 23, 1847 – September 12, 1927), American physicist and astronomer, was the instructor to several astronomers, including Annie Jump Cannon.

Biography

Whiting graduated from Ingham University in 1865.

Whiting was appointed by Wellesley College president Henry Fowle Durant, one year after the College's 1875 opening, as its first professor of physics. She established its physics department and the undergraduate experimental physics lab at Wellesley, the second of its kind to be started in the country. At the request of Durant, she attended lectures at MIT given by Edward Charles Pickering.[1] He invited Whiting to observe some of the new techniques being applied to astronomy, such as spectroscopy. In 1880, Whiting started teaching a course on Practical Astronomy at Wellesley.

In 1895, as told by biographer Annie Jump Cannon,

An especially exciting moment came when the Boston morning papers reported the discovery of the Rontgen or X-rays in 1895. The advanced students in physics of those days will always remember the zeal with which Miss Whiting immediately set up an old Crookes tube and the delight when she actually obtained some of the very first photographs taken in this country of coins within a purse and bones within the flesh. [2]

Between 1896 and 1900, Whiting helped Wellesley College trustee Sarah Elizabeth Whitin to establish the Whitin Observatory, of which Whiting became the first director.

Tufts College bestowed an honorary doctorate on Whiting in 1905. She was also known for supporting prohibition.

Whiting retired from Wellesley in 1916 and was a Professor Emeritus until her death in 1927. She is buried in Machpelah Cemetery in Le Roy, New York, near her now-defunct alma mater.
Writings

Whiting wrote textbook Daytime and evening exercises in astronomy, for schools and colleges.[3]

She was also author of several articles in Popular Astronomy, including:

"Use of Graphs in Teaching Astronomy",[4] "Use of Drawings in Orthographic Projection and of Globes in Teaching Astronomy",[5] "Spectroscopic Work for Classes in Astronomy",[6]"The Use of Photographs in Teaching Astronomy",[7] "Partial Solar Eclipse, June 28, 1908",[8] Solar Halos,[9] "A Pedagogical Suggestion for Teachers of Astronomy",[10] "Priceless Accessions to Whitin Observatory Wellesley College",[11] "The Tulse Hill observatory diaries (abstract)",[12] and "The Tulse Hill observatory diaries",[13] as well as the obituary for Margaret Lindsay Huggins, "Lady Huggins".[14]

She described her experience as a "woman physicist" in the Wellesley College News article "The experiences of a woman physicist"[15]
Achievements

Honors:

1883 Member, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
1905 Honorary doctorate, Tufts College

Jobs/Positions:

1876-1912 Professor of Physics, Wellesley College
1900-1916 Director, Whitin Observatory, Wellesley College
1916-1927 Professor Emeritus, Wellesley College

Education:

AB Ingham University 1865

References

^ Patricia Ann Palmieri (1995). In Adamless Eden. Yale University Press: New Haven.
^ Annie J. Cannon (1927). "Sarah Frances Whiting." Science, Nov. 4, 1927, pp. 417-418.
^ Whiting, Sarah Frances (1912). "Daytime and evening exercises in astronomy, for schools and colleges." Ginn and Company: Boston, New York, Chicago, London.
^ Whiting, Sarah F. (1905). "Use of Graphs in Teaching Astronomy." Popular Astronomy, vol. 13, pp. 185-190.
^ Whiting, Sarah (1905). "Use of Drawings in Orthographic Projection and of Globes in Teaching Astronomy." Popular Astronomy, vol. 13, pp. 235-240.
^ Whiting, Sarah (1905). "Spectroscopic Work for Classes in Astronomy." Popular Astronomy, vol. 13, pp. 387-391.
^ Whiting, Sarah (1905). "The Use of Photographs in Teaching Astronomy." Popular Astronomy, vol. 13, pp. 430-434.
^ Whiting, S. F. (1908). "Partial Solar Eclipse, June 28, 1908." Popular Astronomy, Vol. 16, 1908, p. 458.
^ Whiting, Sarah F. (1909). "Solar Halos." Popular Astronomy, Vol. 17, 1909, p. 389.
^ Whiting, Sarah F. (1912). "A Pedagogical Suggestion for Teachers of Astronomy." Popular Astronomy, vol. 20, pp. 156-160.
^ Whiting, Sarah F. "Priceless Accessions to Whitin Observatory Wellesley College." Popular Astronomy, vol. 22, pp. 487-492.
^ Whiting, Sarah Frances (1917). "The Tulse Hill observatory diaries (abstract)." Popular Astronomy, Vol. 25, p. 117.
^ Whiting, Sarah Frances (1917). "The Tulse Hill observatory diaries." Popular Astronomy, Vol. 25, p. 158.
^ Whiting, Sarah F. (1915). "Lady Huggins." Astrophysical Journal, vol. 42, p. 1.
^ Sarah Frances Whiting. "The experiences of a woman physicist." Wellesley College News, Jan. 9, 1913, 1-6.

External links

Brief biography of Sarah Whiting
Sarah Frances Whiting: A foremother of American women physicists
Women in Meteorology before World War II
Sarah Frances Whiting, at Wellesley College Archives
Sarah Frances Whiting at Women in Astronomy: A Comprehensive Bibliography

Index
Scientificlib.com