.
China National Space Administration
The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for the national space program[2] and for planning and development of space activities. CNSA and China Aerospace Corporation (CASC) assumed the authority over space development efforts previously held by the Ministry of Aerospace Industry. It is a subordinate agency of the State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence (SASTIND), itself a subordinate agency of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT).
The headquarters are in Haidian District, Beijing.[3][4]
History
Although China's space program has existed since 1956, CNSA is a relatively new agency created in 1993 when the Ministry of Aerospace Industry was split into CNSA and the China Aerospace Corporation (CASC). The former was to be responsible for policy, while the latter was to be responsible for execution. This arrangement proved somewhat unsatisfactory, as these two agencies were, in effect, one large agency, sharing both personnel and management.[2]
As part of a massive restructuring in 1998, CASC was split into a number of smaller state-owned companies. The intention appeared to have been to create a system similar to that characteristic of Western defense procurement in which entities which are government agencies, setting operational policy, would then contract out their operational requirements to entities which were government-owned, but not government-managed.[2]
Function
CNSA was established as a government institution to develop and fulfill China's due international obligations, with the approval by the Eighth National People's Congress of China (NPC). The Ninth NPC assigned CNSA as an internal structure of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND). CNSA assumes the following main responsibilities: signing governmental agreements in the space area on behalf of organizations, inter-governmental scientific and technical exchanges; and also being in charge of the enforcement of national space policies and managing the national space science, technology and industry.
Up to now, China has signed governmental space cooperation agreements with Brazil, Chile, France, Germany, India, Italy, Pakistan, Russia, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, the United States, and some other countries. Significant achievements have been scored in the bilateral and multilateral and technology exchanges and cooperation.[2]
Administrators of CNSA are appointed by the State Council.
Ongoing major projects
FY 2011
Tiangong 1: 9.4-ton "space laboratory module" launched in 2011.
FY 2013
Chang'e 3: lunar-lander and rover launched in December 2013.
Shenzhou 10: second manned mission to Tiangong-1.
Taikonauts
Main article: List of Chinese astronauts
As of 2013, ten Chinese nationals have traveled in space (alphabetical order) :
Fei Junlong
Jing Haipeng
Liu Boming
Liu Wang
Liu Yang
Nie Haisheng
Yang Liwei
Zhai Zhigang
Wang Yaping (王亚平） Zhang Xiaoguang
Administrators
The current administrator is Xu Dazhe, appointed in December 2013. Wu Yanhua is vice-administrator and Tian Yulong is secretary general.[5]
April 1993: Liu Jiyuan
April 1998: Luan Enjie
2004: Sun Laiyan
July 2010: Chen Qiufa[6]
March 2013: Ma Xingrui[7]
December 2013: Xu Dazhe[5]
Departments
There are four departments under the CNSA:
Department of General Planning
Department of System Engineering
Department of Science, Technology and Quality Control
Department of Foreign Affairs
CNSA logo
CNSA's logo is a similar design to that of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation.[8] The arrow in middle has a similar shape as the Chinese character 人 which means 'human' or 'people', to state that human is the center of all space explorations. The three concentric ellipses stand for three types of Escape Velocity (minimum speed needed to reach sustainable orbits, to escape the earth system, and to escape the solar system) which are milestones of space exploration. The second ring is drawn with a bold line, to state that China has passed the first stage of exploration (earth system) and is undergoing the second stage exploration (within the solar system). The 人 character stands above the three rings to emphasize humanity's capability to escape and explore. Olive branches were added to state that China's space exploration is peaceful in nature.
See also
Chinese space program
Chinese Lunar Exploration Program
List of space agencies
References
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/KA09Ad01.html
http://www.cnsa.gov.cn/n615709/n620681/n771918/index.html
Home page in Chinese. China National Space Administration. Retrieved on February 26, 2016. "地址：北京市海淀区阜成路甲8号 邮编:100048"
"Member Agencies." CCSDS. Retrieved on February 27, 2016. "China National Space Administration #8A, Fucheng Road, Haidian District Beijing, China 100048"
Resume of Administrator
陈求发任辽宁省代省长 [Chen Qiufa appointed acting governor of Liaoning]. People's Daily (in Chinese). 2015-05-08.
Dr. MA Xingrui was appointed as administrator of China National Space Administration
http://www.spacechina.com/qywh_qysbxt_sjsbxt.shtml
External links
Official website
Official website (simplified Chinese)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/"
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
