Quercus berberidifolia

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fagales

Familia: Fagaceae
Genus: Quercus
Species: Quercus berberidifolia
Name

Quercus berberidifolia Liebm.
Synonyms

Homotypic
Quercus agrifolia var. berberidifolia (Liebm.) Wenz., Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 203 (1884).
Quercus dumosa f. berberidifolia (Liebm.) Trel., Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 20: 116 (1924).
Heterotypic
Quercus dumosa var. munita Greene, Ill. W. Amer. Oaks: 37 (1889).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America
Regional: Southwestern USA
California
Regional: Mexico
Mexico Northwest

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Liebmann, F.M., 1854. Overs. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Medlemmers Arbeider 1854: 172.

Additional references

Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (1998). World Checklist and Bibliography of Fagales: 1-408. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Stuart, John D, Sawyer, John O. California Natural History Guides: Trees and Shrubs of California University of California Press. 2001 p. 137-38.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Quercus berberidifolia in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 27. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Quercus berberidifolia in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 27. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Quercus berberidifolia. Published online. Accessed: Jun 27 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Quercus berberidifolia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 27.
Hassler, M. 2021. Quercus berberidifolia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 27. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Quercus berberidifolia. Accessed: 27 Jun 2021.

Vernacular names
English: California scrub oak
Türkçe: Kaliforniya çalı meşesi

Quercus berberidifolia, the California scrub oak, is a small evergreen or semi-evergreen shrubby oak in the white oak section of Quercus. It is a native of the scrubby hills of California, and is a common member of chaparral ecosystems.[3]

Description

Quercus berberidifolia grows to 1–2 meters (40-80 inches) tall, rarely to 4 meters (160 inches) or 13 feet), and has sharply toothed, dull green leaves which are 1.5–3 cm (0.59–1.18 in) long and 1–2 cm (0.5–1 in) broad, leathery on their top surfaces and somewhat hairy underneath. The solitary or paired brown acorns are 1–3 cm (0.5–1 in) long and 1–2 cm (0.5–1 in) broad, and pointed or egg-shaped with thin caps when mature; they mature in about 6–8 months after pollination. In cooler, more exposed areas, scrub oak is usually a small, compact shrub, but in warm or sheltered areas the plant can spread out and grow several meters high.[4]

The epithet berberidifolia means "barberry-leaved," referring to the spiny leaf margins characteristic of Q. berberidifolia as well as of several species of Berberis.
Other species
Main article: scrub oak

Often known simply as scrub oak, though this name is also applied to other Quercus species, especially several which were formerly grouped under the single name Q. dumosa, all are found in scrubby habitats. Many other scrub-type oaks may be found in these regions, and careful inspection is required to identify individuals of Q. berberidifolia and its hybrids.

Quercus berberidifolia sometimes hybridizes with other species.
Chaparral origins

The word chaparral is derived from the Spanish word for scrub oak, chaparro. The non-specific meaning of the term is 'short in stature.' Because most scrub vegetation is rather low growing, the term is broadly applied to all of the vegetation in "chaparral" communities.
References

Beckman, E. (2020). "Quercus berberidifolia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T194068A173545406. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T194068A173545406.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
"Quercus berberidifolia Liebm.". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List.
"Quercus berberidifolia". Calflora: Information on California plants for education, research and conservation. Berkeley, California: The Calflora Database – via www.calflora.org.
Nixon, Kevin C. (1997). "Quercus berberidifolia". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 3. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.