Nothofagus obliqua

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fagales

Familia: Nothofagaceae
Genus: Nothofagus
Subgenus: Nothofagus subg. Lophozonia
Species: Nothofagus obliqua
Name

Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb.) Oerst., Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. Ser. 5, 9: 354. (1871)
Synonyms

Basionym
Fagus obliqua Mirb., Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 14: 465 (1827)
Homotypic
Lophozonia obliqua (Mirb.) Heenan & Smissen, Phytotaxa 146: 16 (2013).
Heterotypic
Lophozonia heterocarpa Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(I): 396 (1858).
Fagus obliqua var. macranthera A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 120 (1864).
Fagus obliqua var. valdiviana A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 119 (1864).
Fagus procera Phil. ex A.DC. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 120 (1864), nom. illeg.
Fagus valdiviana Phil., Linnaea 33: 236 (1864).
Nothofagus valdiviana (Phil.) Krasser, Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 11: 163 (1896).
Fagus obliqua var. dentatosquamata Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 296 (1898).
Fagus obliqua var. integrisquamata Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 296 (1898).
Nothofagus obliqua subsp. andina F.M.Vázquez & R.A.Rodr., Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 129: 80 (1999).
Nothofagus obliqua subsp. valdiviana (Phil.) F.M.Vázquez & R.A.Rodr., Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 129: 79 (1999).
Lophozonia obliqua subsp. andina (F.M.Vázquez & R.A.Rodr.) Heenan & Smissen, Phytotaxa 146: 16 (2013).
Lophozonia obliqua subsp. valdiviana (Phil.) Heenan & Smissen, Phytotaxa 146: 16 (2013).

References

Oersted, A.S. 1871. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabers-Selskabs Skrifter ser. 5, 9: 354.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Nothofagus obliqua in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Apr. 4. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Nothofagus obliqua. Published online. Accessed: Apr. 4 2022.
Tropicos.org 2022. Nothofagus obliqua. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 4 Apr. 2022.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Nothofagus obliqua in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.
Flora Patagónica 4, Maevia Correa, 1984. Colección cientifica del INTA.

Vernacular names
Cymraeg: Ffawydden ddeheuol roble
Deutsch: Pellin-Scheinbuche
English: Roble
español: Roble chileno
suomi: Kiilaetelänpyökki
français: Roble de Neuquén
日本語: ローブルミナミブナ
lietuvių: Skėstašakis notofagas
Runa Simi: Quyan
русский: Нотофагус косой
svenska: Roblésydbok
українська: Робле

Nothofagus obliqua, commonly known as Patagonian oak, roble, pellín, roble pellín, and hualle in its early state of growth[1] or roble beech,[2] is a deciduous tree from Chile and Argentina. It grows from 33 to 43° south latitude. The northern extent of this tree's range in Chile is considered to be the Vizcachas Mountains and La Campana National Park.[3] N. obliqua was proposed to be renamed Lophozonia obliqua in 2013.[4]

Description

L. obliqua

A shoot from an obliqua, with leaves and cupules

Nothofagus obliqua reaches a height of 50 meters (175 ft)[5] and 2 m (6.5 ft) diameter.

The trunk has greyish-brown to dark brown bark and is often forked. The leaves are alternate and somewhat curled between the veins and the serrated margin. The trees bear separate male and female flowers, both of which are small, surrounded by green bracts, and rather inconspicuous.

In Chile, young specimens (which have soft, yellowish wood) are known as roble hualle, while old trees, which have developed the reddish heartwood characteristic of mature specimens are known as roble pellín. The tree has a good shape and its timber is valued for its durability, being used for furniture-making and in construction.
Cultivation

The tree was introduced to the British Isles in 1849.[6] Material with provenance from different places in its natural environment was tested in cultivation in Scotland. Trees cultivated from material collected from Ñuble, which is the provenance closest to the Equator, were the most damaged by frosts. Unfortunately seeds of that provenance were supplied to many commercial growers in the 1970s in the United Kingdom. Seeds sourced from Neuquen in Argentina proved the hardiest. A selection from Malleco, Chile, which is the provenance of the first trees planted in the British Isles also gave good hardiness results.[7] It has also been planted on the North Pacific Coast of the United States.[8]

Experimental plantations established in Wales suffered severe damage during the 1981–1982 cold wave that swept through Britain.[9]
Subspecies

There are two recognised subspecies of N. obliqua. These are:

Nothofagus obliqua subsp. andina (F.M.Vazquez & R.A.Rodr.)
Nothofagus obliqua subsp. valdiviana (Phil.) Heenan & Smissen.

Nothofagus macrocarpa was once also considered a subspecies, as Fagus obliqua var. macrocarpa.[4]
Hybrids

Nothofagus obliqua hybridises with Nothofagus alpina to form the hybrid species Nothofagus × dodecaphleps.[4]

References

BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Nothofagus obliqua". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
C. Michael Hogan (2008) Chilean Wine Palm: Jubaea chilensis, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. Nicklas Stromberg Archived 2012-10-17 at the Wayback Machine
HEENAN, PETER B.; SMISSEN, ROB D. (2013). "Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae)". Phytotaxa. 146 (1): 131. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1.
"Salas, C., and García, O. 2006. Modelling height development of mature Nothofagus obliqua. Forest Ecology and Management 229(1-3): 1-6" (PDF). doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.04.015.
Henry John Elwes, F.R.S. and Augustine Henry. M.A. Trees of Great Britain and Ireland. MCMVII. Volume III. Edinburgh
M. B. Murray, M. G. R. Cannell, L. J. Sheppard and R. Lines. 1986. Frost Hardiness of Nothofagus procera and Nothofagus obliqua in Britain. Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Bush Estate Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland. Forestry Commission, Northern Research Station, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland.
"Nothofagus obliqua in Washington Park Arboretum" (PDF). Seattle Government. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-24. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
Danby, N.P. (1991). "Nothofagus in Wales". Quarterly Journal of Forestry. LXXXV (2): 103–116.