Cichorium

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Cichorioideae
Tribus: Cichorieae
Subtribus: Cichoriinae
Genus: Cichorium
Sectiones: C. sect. Acanthophyton – C. sect. Cichorium

Species: C. bottae – C. calvum – C. endivia – C. glandulosum – C. intybus – C. pumilum – C. spinosum

Source(s) of checklist:

Hassler, M. 2018. Cichorium. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 May 20. Reference page.

Name

Cichorium L. (1753)

Type species: C. intybus L.

References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 813. Reference page.

Links

Hassler, M. 2018. Cichorium. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 May 20. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Cichorium. Published online. Accessed: May 20 2018.
The Plant List 2013. Cichorium in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 May 20.
Tropicos.org 2018. Cichorium. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 May 20.

Vernacular names
العربية: هندباء
azərbaycanca: Kasnı, Cırtdaquş
беларуская: Цыкорыя
български: Цикории
čeština: čekanka
dansk: Cikorie
Deutsch: Wegwarten, Zichorien
English: Chicory
Esperanto: Cikorio
eesti: Sigur
فارسی: کاسنی
suomi: Sikurit
français: Chicorée, Chicoree
Frysk: Sûkerei
עברית: עולש, עולש, ציקוריה, אנדיב
hornjoserbsce: Změrniwka
magyar: Katáng
հայերեն: եղերդակ
ქართული: ვარდკაჭაჭა
қазақша: Шашырақты, Шашыратқы
lietuvių: Trūkažolė, Cikorija
македонски: Голица
Nedersaksies: Sukerei
Nederlands: Cichorei, Bitterpee
ирон: Стъæлха, Цикорий, Цикори
polski: Cykoria
русский: Цикорий
slovenčina: čakanka
svenska: Cikorior
українська: Цикорій
vèneto: Cicoria
中文（简体）: 菊苣属
中文（繁體）: 菊苣屬
中文（臺灣）: 菊苣屬
中文: 菊苣屬

Cichorium is a genus of plants in the dandelion tribe within the sunflower family.[4][2] The genus includes two cultivated species commonly known as chicory or endive, plus several wild species.[5]
Flower of common chicory (Cichorium intybus)

Common chicory (Cichorium intybus) is a bushy perennial herb with blue or lavender (or, rarely, white or pink) flowers. It grows as a wild plant on roadsides in its native Europe, and in North America, where it has become naturalized. It is grown for its leaves, when it is known as leaf chicory, endive, radicchio, Belgian endive, French endive, or witloof. Other varieties are grown for their roots, which are used as a coffee substitute, similar to dandelion coffee.

True endive (Cichorium endivia) is a species grown and used as a salad green. It has a slightly bitter taste. Curly endive and the broad-leafed escarole are true endives.

Cichorium is used as a food plant by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including setaceous Hebrew character, turnip moth, and the grass moth Diasemia reticularis.

Species[3]

Cichorium alatum Hochst. & Steud. - Europe, Arabian Peninsula, drier parts of Africa from Algeria to Namibia[6]
Cichorium bottae Deflers - Saudi Arabia, Yemen
Cichorium callosum Pomel - North Africa
Cichorium calvum Sch.Bip. ex Asch. - Egypt, Ethiopia, Palestine, Jordan
Cichorium dubium E.H.L.Krause - Europe
Cichorium endivia L. - Mediterranean
Cichorium hybridum Halácsy - Greece
Cichorium intybus L. - probably Europe; now very widespread invasive
Cichorium pumilum Jacq. - Mediterranean
Cichorium spinosum L. - Mediterranean

Formerly included[3] are several species[which?] now considered better suited to other genera: Aposeris, Arnoseris, Geigeria, Rhagadiolus and Tolpis.
References

lectotype designated by Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: pg 178. 1929
Tropicos, Cichorium L.
Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist Archived 2014-11-14 at archive.today
Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 813
Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Cichorium includes photos and distribution maps for 4 species
Kyffhäuser flora