Alocasia cucullata

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Alismatales

Familia: Araceae
Subfamilia: Aroideae
Tribus: Colocasieae
Genus: Alocasia
Species: Alocasia cucullata
Name

Alocasia cucullata (Lour.) G.Don in R.Sweet, 1839
Synonyms

Basionym
Arum cucullatum Lour., Fl. Cochinch.: 536 (1790).
Homotypic
Caladium cucullatum (Lour.) Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 575 (1807).
Colocasia cucullata (Lour.) Schott in H.W.Schott & S.L.Endlicher, Melet. Bot.: 18 (1832).
Heterotypic
Caladium rugosum Desf., Tabl. École Bot., ed. 3: 386 (1829).
Colocasia rugosa (Desf.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 41 (1841).
Caladium colocasia Schott ex Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 3: t. 787 (1844).
Colocasia cochleata Miq., Index Seminum (AMD, Amstelodamensis) 1853: 3 (1853).
Alocasia rugosa (Desf.) Schott, Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 4: 410 (1854).
Panzhuyuia omeiensis Z.Y.Zhu, J. Sichuan Chinese Med. School 4(5): 50 (1985).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asie
Assam; Bangladesh; China South-Central; China Southeast; Cook Is.; East Himalaya; Hainan; Japan; Laos; Myanmar; Nansei-shoto; Ogasawara-shoto; Sri Lanka; Taiwan; Thailand; Vietnam

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References

Don, G. in R. Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 3:631. 1839 "cucullatum"

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Alocasia cucullata in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Nov. 02. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Alocasia cucullata. Published online. Accessed: Nov. 02 2018.
The Plant List 2013. Alocasia cucullata in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Nov. 02.
Tropicos.org 2018. Alocasia cucullata. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 02 Nov. 2018.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Alocasia cucullata in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names
English: chinese taro

Alocasia cucullata is a species of flowering plant in the arum family known by the common names Chinese taro, Chinese ape, Buddha's hand, and hooded dwarf elephant ear. It is kept as an ornamental plant.

The native range of the species is unclear, as it is known only from cultivation and from specimens growing around human habitation and in disturbed areas.[1][2][3] It is grown in many parts of Asia, such as China, India, Sri Lanka, and Burma.[1]

Description

This aroid plant is a perennial herb producing thick, erect stems up to 6 centimeters wide that branch from the bases and grow up to a meter tall. It produces bunches of leaves on long, sheathed petioles which are generally up to about 30 centimeters long but are known to reach 80. The wide, roughly heart-shaped leaf blade is up to 40 by 28 centimeters and has 4 main veins running from the center to the edge on each side. The plant rarely flowers. When it develops, the inflorescence may be solitary or paired. It arises on a peduncle 20 to 30 centimeters long and is wrapped in a green to blue-green spathe. The yellowish or bluish-green spadix is up to 14 centimeters long. Fruiting is also rare, but the plant may produce red berries each 6 to 8 millimeters wide.[1][3][4]
Biology

The flowers are pollinated by the drosophilid flies Colocasiomyia alocasiae and C. xenalocasiae, at least in Japan.[5]

The plant easily reproduces vegetatively sprouting up when pieces of stem or root enter the soil.[1]

It is susceptible to bacterial leaf spot disease caused by Pantoea agglomerans.[6]

This species has been introduced to many regions, including much of the Pacific, where it can be found in Hawaii, Micronesia, Fiji, French Polynesia, and Guam. It has also been introduced to parts of Central America.[1]
Human uses

It has some uses in traditional Chinese medicine. It is applied externally to treat snakebite, abscesses, rheumatism, and arthritis.[3] It is poisonous due to the presence of calcium oxalate crystals.[2]

This plant is considered to bring good luck, so it is kept at Buddhist temples in Laos and Thailand.[4]
References

Alocasia cucullata. USFS. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER).
Alocasia cucullata. National Tropical Botanical Garden.
Boyce, P. C. (2008). A review of Alocasia (Araceae: Colocasieae) for Thailand including a novel species and new species records from South-West Thailand. Archived 2010-08-27 at the Wayback Machine Thai Forest Bulletin 36 1-17.
Alocasia cucullata. Flora of China.
Miyake, T. and M. Yafuso. (2005). Pollination of Alocasia cucullata (Araceae) by two Colocasiomyia flies known to be specific pollinators for Alocasia odora. Plant Species Biology 20(3) 201–208.
Romeiro, R. S., et al. (2006). Bacterial spot of Chinese taro (Alocasia cucullata) in Brazil induced by Pantoea agglomerans. New Disease Reports 14 51.