Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Sphenacodontoidea
Cladus: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Cladus: Cynodontia
Cladus: Eucynodontia
Cladus: Probainognathia
Cladus: Prozostrodontia
Cladus: Mammaliaformes
Classis: Mammalia
Subclassis: Trechnotheria
Infraclassis: Zatheria
Supercohors: Theria
Cohors: Eutheria
Infraclassis: Placentalia
Cladus: Boreoeutheria
Superordo: Euarchontoglires
Ordo: Primates
Subordo: Haplorhini
Infraordo: Simiiformes
Parvordo: Catarrhini
Superfamilia: Cercopithecoidea
Familia: Cercopithecidae
Subfamilia: Colobinae
Tribus: Colobini
Genus: Colobus
Species: Colobus vellerosus
Name
Colobus vellerosus (I. Geoffroy, 1831)
Synonymy
Semnopithecus vellerosus I. Geoffroy, 1831: 37 [Protonym]
References
Primary references
Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, I. 1831. Mammifères. Pp. 1–160. MDZ In: Bélanger, C. 1834. Voyage aux Indes-Orientales, par le nord de l'Europe, les provinces du Caucase, la Géorgie, l'Arménie et la Perse, suivi de détails topographiques, statistiques et autres sur le Pégou, les iles de Java, de Maurice et de Bourbon, sur le Cap-De-Bonne-Espérance et Sainte-Hélène, pendant les années 1825, 1826, 1827, 1828 et 1829. Zoologie. Paris: Arthus Bertrand. MDZ Reference page.
Sherborn, C.D. & Woodward, B.B. 1901. Notes on the Dates of Publication of the Natural History portions of some French Voyages.—Part I. ‘Amérique méridionale’; ‘Indes orientales’; ‘Pôle Sud’ (‘Astrolabe’ and ‘Zélée’); ‘La Bonite’; ‘La Coquille’; and ‘L'Uranie et Physicienne’. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 7(40): 388–392. DOI: 10.1080/00222930108678490 Paywall BHL Reference page. [p. 390]
Links
Colobus vellerosus in Mammal Species of the World.
Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (Editors) 2005. Mammal Species of the World – A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third edition. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
Vernacular names
Deutsch: Weißschenkel-Stummelaffe
English: White-thighed Colobus
español: Colobo de muslos blancos
français: Colobe de Geoffroy
日本語: モモジロコロブス
polski: Gereza niedźwiedzia
Yorùbá: ẹdun
The ursine colobus (Colobus vellerosus), also known as the white-thighed colobus, Geoffroy's black-and-white colobus, or the white-thighed black-and-white colobus,[2] is a West African species of primate in the family Cercopithecidae.
Description
The ursine colobus is quite distinctive, with predominantly black fur and lacking a white mantle. They have a black and naked face which is surrounded by a thick white halo of fur. The ursine colobus is further characterized by white patches on the thighs which vary in width and length. Like other species of colobus, the babies are born with an all white fur coat, which starts to turn black at around three months of age. In contrast to other species of colobus, they have slender bodies and ischial callosities, a hard thickened area of skin on the buttocks that allows comfortable sitting on branches. It has an all white tail which is longer than the body. They weigh between 9.9 to 10.3 kg (22 to 23 lb) for males and 8.3 to 8.7 kg (18 to 19 lb) in females with a body length of is 61 to 66 cm (24 to 26 in) in males and 61 to 64 cm (24 to 25 in) in females.[3]
Biology
Ursine colobus are diurnal and highly arboreal, coming down from trees only occasionally when feeding. Their social behavior is like that of many polygynous monkeys, with each group consisting of related females their juvenile offspring and a territorial male. The males are highly territorial and disperse upon reaching sexual maturity.[3]
Ursine colobus use a roaring call to advertise territory and location, this roar is a low "rur, rur, rur" noise. They also have alarm calls that alert group members when predators have been seen which are a "snorting" sound, made by all members of the group except infants.[3]
Ursine colobus are mainly vegetarian and have a diet which is made up of new leaves and seeds, with the occasional addition of fruits, insects, and termite clay.[3]
Habitat
Ursine colobuses are found in lowland rainforest and in gallery forests which extend northwards into the Guinea Forest Savannah Zone. In Bénin, these monkeys were observed in several habitats, including swamp forests, semi-deciduous forests and gallery forests.[2]
Distribution
It is found in Benin, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, and Togo, as well as very southernmost Burkina Faso.[2] Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.[2]
Conservation
The ursine colobus is threatened by both hunting and deforestation. Its range falls within a region which includes a dense and rapidly growing human population, where forest destruction has been extensive, and there is uncontrolled hunting of wildlife in many places. However, in some parts of their range these monkeys are held to be sacred. It is listed as Class A under the African Convention, and under Appendix II of CITES. They are known to live within a number of protected areas including Comoe National Park, Fazao-Malfakassa National Park and Mole, Bui and Digya National Parks (Ghana).[2]
Nomenclature
The ursine colobus was formerly thought to be a subspecies of Colobus polykomos with which it interbred;[4] however, it has since been recognized as a separate species.[5][6]
Notes
Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 168. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
Matsuda Goodwin, R.; Gonedelé Bi, S.; Nobimè, G.; Koné, I.; Osei, D.; Segniagbeto, G.; Oates, J.F. (2020). "Colobus vellerosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T5146A169472127. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T5146A169472127.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
"Colobus vellerosus: ursine colobus". Regents of the University of Michigan. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
Groves, Colin P.; Angst, R. and Westwood, C. (1993) "The Status of Colobus polykomos dollmani" International Journal of Primatology 14: pp. 573–586
Oates, J. F. and Trocco, T. F. (1983) "Taxonomy and phylogeny of black-and-white colobus monkeys: inferences from an analysis of loud call variation" Folia Primatologica 40: pp. 83–113
"Combining this information [on loud calls] with data on cranial morphology (e.g. Hull, 1979) and pelage (e.g. Rahm, 1970), Oates and Trocco, (1983) concluded that the black-and-white colobus monkeys are best regarded as belonging to five species: Colobus polykomos (Zimmerman, 1780); C. vellerosus (Geoffroy, 1831); C. guereza (Ruppell, 1835); C. satanas (Waterhouse, 1838); and C. angolensis (Sclater, 1860). Oates and Trocco (1983) also concluded that C. salanas retains more primitive features than other members of the group. and that C. guereza and C. vellerosus, in their low-frequency loud call and other features, are the most derived species." page 432 of Oates, John F.; Bocian, C. M. and Terranova, C. J. (2000) "The loud calls of black-and-white colobus monkeys: their adaptive and taxonomic significance in light of new data" doi:10.1017/CBO9780511542589.017, In Whitehead, Paul F. Jolly, Clifford J. (2000) Old World Monkeys Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, pp. 431–452, ISBN 978-0-521-02809-7
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/"
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
